“…Scheurich & Young (1997) reference scholars of color (Banks, 1993(Banks, , 1995Gordon, Miller, & Rollock, 1990;Stanfield, 1985Stanfield, , 1993Stanfield, , 1994 who have suggested that the "modern" epistemologies used in educational research-positivism, postpositivism, neorealism, interpretivism, constructivism, critical theory, and postmodernism/poststructuralism-may be racially biased. They have argued that epistemologies, not our use of them, are racist.…”