Colorimetric Method for Quantifying Human Stratum Corneum Removed by Adhesive-Tape-Stripping

Dreher, Frank; Arens, A; Hostýnek, Jurij J.; Mudumba, S; Ademola, John I.; Maibach, Howard I.

doi:10.1080/000155598441495

Cited by 132 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 12 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This finding is in agreement with the observation that SC thickness appears to be independent of gender [42.] All methods used in the present study determine different properties of the SC, e.g., its protein content [35, 36], that are directly or inversely proportional to the amount of SC. Therefore all sum values (see table 2) should reflect the amount of removed SC.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…However, no significant differences between females and males in the amount of the SC were obtained by different methods of investigation [23, 24, 32, 35, 36]. This finding is in agreement with the observation that SC thickness appears to be independent of gender [42.]…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…The other two correlations with the stained protein data (absorption of stained proteins [35] and colorimetric method [36]) did not show such a significant gender-related difference. These results indicate that there is no difference in the amount of SC proteins between women and men.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The proteins contained in the SC samples were dissolved in sodium hydroxide, following the colorimetric method given in the literature [36]. [The first application of the colorimetric method following the original protocol as prescribed by BioRad failed (volunteer 1).]…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Gender-Related Differences in the Physiology of the Stratum Corneum

et al. 2005

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Only few studies on gender-related differences in skin physiology have been performed – and they provided conflicting results. Objective: In the present study, the effect of gender on the physiology of the stratum corneum was studied. Methods: The physiological parameters transepidermal water loss, pH value, hydration and sebum content were determined on the flexor forearms of 6 female and 6 male volunteers. In addition, stratum corneum samples, removed by tape stripping, were studied for amount, spectroscopic properties, protein content, and mass. Results: The skin of women was characterized by a significantly higher pH value (5.6 ± 0.4) than that of men (4.3 ± 0.4, p < 0.05). Protein absorption was the only other parameter significantly dependent on gender (p < 0.05). Both effects might be caused by differences in human biology, such as hormonal status. Conclusion: Therefore, the gender of the volunteers should be considered in dermatologic studies.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Gender-Related Differences in the Physiology of the Stratum Corneum

et al. 2005

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Near-infrared (NIR) densitometry has recently been introduced as an easy, quick, nondestructive and robust method (concerning factors such as gender, age, body site, pH and skin hydration) for determining the amount of SC on tape strips and the in situ determination of the number of tapes required to quantitatively remove the SC [7,8]. NIR densitometry is an alternative to established methods such as protein quantification on each tape and gravimetric or other optical methods [9,10,11,12]. For human skin in vivo and pig skin in vitro it was established that the NIR pseudoabsorption, measured as the intensity reduction of a circular infrared (IR) laser beam (wavelength 850 nm), is correlated to the amount of protein per area (wt/A) [7,13]:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Near-Infrared Densitometry for in situ Determination of the Total Stratum Corneum Thickness on Pig Skin: Influence of Storage Time

Franzen

Windbergs²,

Hansen

2012

Skin Pharmacol Physiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

To perform accurate tape-stripping measurements and to control for site-specific and interindividual differences the amount of stratum corneum (SC) removed by each tape and the total SC thickness must be known. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of near-infrared (NIR) densitometry at λ = 850 nm for in situ determination of the total SC thickness. Quantitative tape stripping was performed on pig ear skin. The amount of SC removed by each tape was measured by NIR densitometry and by microprotein assay. Derived from the linear correlation between both measurements, a conversion factor was calculated that relates the individual NIR densitometry readings to the thickness of the SC on the corresponding tape (l_SC-tape [µm] = (abs.₈₅₀ – abs.₈₅₀(blank))/23.9). The total SC thickness was determined based on the accumulated values of all tapes applied in quantitative tape stripping and compared to the values obtained from microscopic cross sections of biopsies. The total SC thickness was correctly determined by infrared densitometry independent of storage time and conditions (4°C up to 24 h; –21°C up to 3 months) in comparison with the standard histological evaluation.

show abstract

Occupational Dermal Exposure Assessment

Nylander‐French¹

2003

Patty's Industrial Hygiene

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The skin is generally considered to be a good barrier to the systemic absorption of chemicals. However, many chemicals can partially or fully breach the skin where they may be metabolized, and interact with dermal macromolecules or components of the skin immune system, and then be systemically absorbed and distributed. Thus, dermal exposure to chemical substances can contribute significantly to the total systemic dose as well as result in acute or chronic skin toxicity and disease. Skin diseases related to occupational exposure are the second most prevalent type of occupational disease. From 1983 to 1994, occupational skin diseases increased by 26%. In 1994, approximately 66,000 cases were reported, which accounted for 13% of all occupational related disease. Since occupational skin diseases are believed to be severely under‐reported, the actual rate may be much higher. Total costs (including lost productivity) have been estimated at $1 billion annually. Given such widespread prevalence of skin diseases, we need better measures for predicting, quantifying, and preventing dermal exposure to hazardous agents. Dermal exposure to hazardous chemicals in the workplace has become an important occupational hygiene issue and a growing field of interest to health professionals in occupational hygiene and dermatology. Dermal exposure has been indicated as the primary source for the systemic exposure from chlorophenols, polychlorinated biphenyls, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), glycol ethers, chlorpyrifos, acrylamide, cyclophosphamide, and 4,4’‐methylene dianiline. Exposure to chemicals, which may interact with endogenous nucleophilic sites in the skin directly (e.g., electrophilic isocyanates) or following metabolism to reactive metabolites (e.g., benzo[a]pyrene diolepoxide), has not been systematically investigated and is poorly understood. The deposition, absorption, and uptake of chemicals into and through the epidermis, and the biological consequences of dermal penetration are also difficult to measure. Thus, the significance of adverse health effects associated with dermal exposure is difficult to evaluate. A major limitation to our understanding and development of this area of research has been the absence of a reliable noninvasive method to determine chemical‐specific skin deposition and to investigate mechanisms of dermal toxicity. Thus, the threshold dose required to induce an adverse effect and toxicity from occupational and environmental exposure conditions cannot be determined accurately. Methods to assess the significance of dermal exposure are limited in number and scope. The current methods available for measuring dermal exposure, e.g., removal tecniques, surrogate techniques, fluorescence techniques, all suffer from fundamental problems and have not been adequately documented and validated. This chapter reviews and summarizes our current knowledge on dermal exposure assessment, and reviews and evaluates the current sampling methods.

show abstract

Colorimetric Method for Quantifying Human Stratum Corneum Removed by Adhesive-Tape-Stripping

Cited by 132 publications

References 12 publications

Gender-Related Differences in the Physiology of the Stratum Corneum

Gender-Related Differences in the Physiology of the Stratum Corneum

Assessment of Near-Infrared Densitometry for in situ Determination of the Total Stratum Corneum Thickness on Pig Skin: Influence of Storage Time

Occupational Dermal Exposure Assessment

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About