Colorimetric detection of hypochlorite in tap water based on the oxidation of 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethyl benzidine

Guo, Yongming; Ma, Qinge; Cao, Fengpu; Zhao, Qiang; Ji, Xuewei

doi:10.1039/c5ay00735f

Cited by 37 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 21 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Most probably Cl 2 dissolves in water upon formation, leading to disproportionation into Cl À and ClO À .I ndeed, the presence of ClO À was colorimetrically provenb yu sing 3,3'5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine. [25] The concentrationsf ound were in the range of 0.1 to 0.5 mmol L À1 .T he increase of the faradaice fficiency with time is attributedt oa n increasing overpotential.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Getting the Most out of Solar Irradiation: Efficient Use of Polychromatic Light for Water Splitting

Taştan

Ziegenbalg

2016

Chemistry A European J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

To increase the fraction of utilizable polychromatic light, a new reactor concept was developed and manufactured by using rapid prototyping technologies. Investigation of the prototypes revealed enhancements of the photocurrent by up to one order of magnitude, when TiO was used as the photoanode in combination with commercially available photovoltaic cells. The reported concept is scalable and an easy transfer to technical scale is expected from a technological as well as an economical perspective. Experimental results underline the conclusion that to achieve efficient overall use of solar irradiation both the material as well as the reactor/process must be considered. Combining these complementary approaches allows largest possible optimization potential. With respect to ongoing research, the concept also breaks ground for the development of catalysts.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Getting the Most out of Solar Irradiation: Efficient Use of Polychromatic Light for Water Splitting

Taştan

Ziegenbalg

2016

Chemistry A European J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, other detection methods may need to be used, especially in cases when hypochlorite is not detected. For example, colorimetric analysis on the oxidation of 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine is a simple technique [95], albeit with yet unknown limitations due to the presence of other oxidising RONS. Moreover, the highly oxidative nature of the hypochlorite anion in plasma-treated physiological solutions is often emphasised, but the possibility of formation of other anions such as ClO 2…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Detection of Short-Lived Species Induced in Aqueous Media by Atmospheric Pressure Plasma

Gorbanev¹,

Bogaerts²

2019

Atmospheric Pressure Plasma - From Diagnostics to Applications

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasmas are widely used in biomedical research and clinical applications. Such plasmas generate a variety of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species upon interaction with ambient surroundings. These species further interact with a biological substrate and are responsible for the biomedical effects of plasma. Liquid water is an essential part of any biological systems. Some of the most reactive species induced by plasma in aqueous media are radicals and atoms. Hence, the presence of certain chemical components in a plasma 'cocktail' presents an important task for both understanding and further development of plasma systems with specific purposes. In this chapter, we discuss various methods of detection of the plasma-generated short-lived reactive species. We dissert various plasma-induced radicals and atoms (•OH, O 2 • − /•OOH, •NO, O), together with non-radical short-lived species (− OONO, O 3 , 1 O 2). Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) is the most direct method of radical detection in water-based media. Special attention is paid to the limitations of the detection methods, with an emphasis on spin trapping used in EPR analysis.

show abstract

“…This reaction sequence is sensitive to several factors, like pH [16], solvent, temperature [17,18], and catalyst [14,19,20]. The application of TMB as an analytical reagent outside the field of clinical chemistry started a long time ago thanks to good stability of the reaction product and high sensitivity and selectivity of such analytical methods [21][22][23][24]. Notably, thanks to ionmasking salts, TMB-based assays, either based on the detection of yellow diamine or blue diamine/diimine chargetransfer complex, have shown a high tolerance for potential interfering species in drinking water (including Cl…”

Section: Finally Disinfecting Concentration For Toilet or Diapering mentioning

confidence: 99%

3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine as multi-colorimetric indicator of chlorine in water in line with health guideline values

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sanitizing solutions against bacterial and viral pathogens are of utmost importance in general and, in particular, in these times of pandemic due to Sars-Cov2. They frequently consist of chlorine-based solutions, or in the direct input of a certain amount of chlorine in water supply systems and swimming pools. Colorimetry is one of the techniques used to measure the crucial persistence of chlorine in water, including household chlorine test kits commonly based on colorimetric indicators. Here, we show a simple and cheap colorimetric method based on 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB), commonly used as chromogenic reagent for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. TMB is converted by chlorine to a colored molecule through a pH-dependent multi-step oxidation process where the chromaticity of TMB is directly proportional to chlorine content. This molecule offers several advantages over other commonly used reagents in terms of safety, sensitivity, and, peculiarly, hue modulation, giving rise to the detection of chlorine in water with a multi-color change of the indicator solution (transparent/blue/green/yellow). Moreover, through the appropriate setting of reaction conditions, such coloration is finely tunable to cover the range of chlorine concentration recommended by international health agencies for treatment of drinking water and swimming pools and to test homemade solutions prepared by dilution of household bleach during health emergency events such as during the current pandemic.

show abstract

Colorimetric detection of hypochlorite in tap water based on the oxidation of 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethyl benzidine

Abstract: A simple method for the colorimetric detection of hypochlorite in tap water with good selectivity and sensitivity has been developed by utilization of the oxidation of 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine.

Cited by 37 publications

References 21 publications

Getting the Most out of Solar Irradiation: Efficient Use of Polychromatic Light for Water Splitting

Getting the Most out of Solar Irradiation: Efficient Use of Polychromatic Light for Water Splitting

Chemical Detection of Short-Lived Species Induced in Aqueous Media by Atmospheric Pressure Plasma

3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine as multi-colorimetric indicator of chlorine in water in line with health guideline values

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About