Colorectal Cancer Immunotherapy: Current State and Prospects (Review)

Abstract

., Rostov-on-Don, 344006, Russian Federation Currently, new knowledge on immunotherapy in solid tumors is being intensively accumulated and new promising techniques are originating. The most advanced are those in the field of searching for new immune checkpoints, development of highly efficient immune adjuvants based on recombinant viruses to improve the effect of anticancer vaccines, as well as design engineering of chimeric receptors of T cells used for adoptive immunotherapy. We have presented some clinical trial results of immunotherapeutic approaches, as well as experimental studies on animal models, which offer new prospects for colon cancer treatment.

Immunotherapeutic Approaches for the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer

“…The efficacy of chemotherapy with IFN α was established for the colorectal carcinoma cell line [42]. However, clinical trials of the combination of 5 fluorouracyl with IFN α, levamizol, as well as with IFN β or IFN γ were not suc cessful and demonstrated the toxicity of such combined treatment [43].…”

“…Experiments conducted by the Russian research groups [43,45] showed that including recombinant IL 2 (Roncoleukinum®) into the complex therapy of metasta tic CRC in combination with traditional chemotherapy allowed to achieve positive effect in 77.2% patients, as well as resulted in the delay of growth and decrease in size of liver metastases when this treatment was combined with the regional arterial chemoembolization [43,45].…”