Colorectal cancer: case-control study of sociodemographic, lifestyle and anthropometric parameters in Riyadh

Abstract

This case-control study compared sociodemographic variables, lifestyle and certain anthropometric parameters of 50 patients hospitalized with colorectal cancer with those of 50 ageand sex-matched controls at a referral hospital in Riyadh. Among cases, females were generally more affected by gastrointestinal symptoms and 4% of male patients had a family history of colorectal cancer. Unlike weight and height, body mass index did not differ between cases and controls, but poor knowledge of high-fibre diets was a significant factor. Regression analysis showed low education level, unemployment and not taking exercise regularly were significant risk factors for colorectal cancer. Better education and awareness of colorectal cancer screening is recommended.Cancer colorectal : une étude cas/témoins des paramètres sociodémographiques, relatifs au mode de vie et anthropométriques à Riyad RÉSUMÉ Cette étude cas/témoins a comparé les variables sociodémographiques, le mode de vie et certains paramètres anthropométriques de 50 malades hospitalisés pour un cancer colorectal, par rapport à 50 témoins appariés sur l'âge et le sexe dans un hôpital de recours de Riyad. Parmi les cas, les femmes étaient généralement plus concernées par les symptômes gastro-intestinaux et 4 % des hommes avaient des antécédents familiaux de cancer colorectal. Contrairement au poids et à la taille, l'indice de masse corporelle n'était pas différent entre les cas et les témoins, mais la méconnaissance des régimes riches en fibres était un facteur significatif. L'analyse de régression a montré que le faible niveau d'instruction, le chômage et le manque d'exercice régulier étaient des facteurs de risque significatifs du cancer colorectal. Il est recommandé de renforcer l'information et la prise de conscience à propos du dépistage du cancer colorectal.

Knowledge and Awareness about Colorectal Cancer and Its Screening Guidelines among Doctors in Al Ahsa, Eastern Province, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

“…Regular and timely screening helps in the detection and removal of both precancerous lesions and early stage cancer, there by reduces both the incidence and deaths due to CRC (Winawer, 1997;Burt, 2010). Several studies from Saudi Arabia and outside, stressed the need for preventive measures and early detection of the disease (Almurshed, 2009;Umer, 2009). Recently, a downward trend in both the incidence and mortality from CRC is reported from the United States.…”

Risk prediction models for colorectal cancer: A Scoping review

“…However, 11 models are specific for females [20,22,35,42,45,50] while 10 models are specific for males [20,22,35,45,48]. Although many models have not restricted application to a specific age limit, 11 models have been developed from populations aged 30 years and above [15,20,42,43,50], 10 from populations aged 50 years and above [18,25,26,45,51] and seven from populations aged 40 years and above [14,19,23,24,36,38,52]. In addition, one model has used a population above 20 years [35] while another, populations lower than 80 years [34].…”

“…A majority (n=35) of models include variables obtained through a questionnaire [18,19,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,30,33,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,49,50,51,53,54]. The questionnaires range from those with only one or two simple questions to those with detailed questions on factors such as diet, physical activity, alcohol and smoking habits and past medical facts.…”

“…A majority of the studies have used multiple logistic regression to identify the risk predictors [16,27,28,30,33,34,35,41,43,47,50,52] followed by the allocation of the risk points, based on the values of beta-coefficients [14,15,18,21,23,24,36,37,39,45,46,48]. Fourteen models have incorporated Cox proportional hazards regression to develop the risk model and the score [17,19,20,22,38,40].…”

“…Three models have been developed in China [16,23,36] and Japan [40] while, Netherlands [25,26], Germany [21], Taiwan [32,46] and United Kingdom [31,34] have developed two models each. Many other countries, such as Australia [19], Poland [24], Hong Kong [28], Italy [29], Qatar [41], Saudi Arabia [43], Spain [52] and Sri Lanka [15] have also developed country-specific risk prediction models for colorectal cancer. When considering the global approach two models have been developed globally [27,30] while another has been developed for Asia [37].…”