Color and Translucency Stability of Three-Dimensional Printable Dental Materials for Crown and Bridge Restorations

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine and compare color and translucency stability of three-dimensional (3D) printable dental materials for crown and bridge restorations. Five different materials were investigated, and twelve disc-shaped specimens of two different thicknesses (1 and 2 mm) were prepared using a digital light processing 3D printer. Color measurements were made according to the CIELAB color scale (L*, a*, and b*) using a spectrophotometer 1 h, 1 day, 1 week, one month, and six months after post-curing of the materials, and the translucency parameter (TP) was calculated. The L*, a*, b*, and TP values were compared among the different materials and storage periods using repeated measures analysis of variance. Color and translucency changes of the specimens after the different storage periods were compared with 1 h measurements to determine whether they exceeded clinically perceivable thresholds. The L*, a*, b*, and TP values showed significant differences according to the storage periods, as well as among the materials. Until one month, some materials demonstrated distinct color differences, while others showed small color differences below a clinically perceivable threshold. The translucency differences were not clinically perceivable for any specimen. After six months, all specimens demonstrated large color changes, whereas the changes in translucency were relatively small. In conclusion, the color of 3D printable dental materials changed with time, and the differences varied with the materials used. On the contrary, the changes in translucency were small. Overall, the materials became darker, more yellowish, and more opaque after six months of water storage.

Stain Susceptibility of 3D-Printed Nanohybrid Composite Restorative Material and the Efficacy of Different Stain Removal Techniques: An In Vitro Study

“…In accordance with previous studies on temporary printed restorative materials [ 8 , 9 , 29 ], the results of the current in vitro experiment revealed that the tested 3D-printed material exhibited higher stain susceptibility compared to the milled material ( p < 001). Higher stain susceptibility of 3D-printed material may be attributed to the manufacturing technique, which results in multiple layers one stacked on top of the other.…”

“…Acknowledging the fact that the color measurement is influenced by the surrounding conditions as well as the geometry and thickness of the tested specimens, the design of a labial veneer restoration was selected for this study to best simulate clinical conditions compared to standard disc-shaped specimens commonly used in other color detection studies [ 8 , 9 , 14 , 19 , 22 , 23 , 24 ]. Furthermore, when the 3D-printing technique is used to fabricate anterior restorations, stair-stepping phenomena is anticipated, especially with the characteristic curved contour of such restorations [ 3 ].…”

“…Recent studies have shown that the color stability of the 3D-printed resin restorative materials is significantly lower when compared to that of the milled CAD/CAM materials [ 8 , 9 , 10 ]. On the other hand, water sorption is higher and also differs among the different available printed materials [ 9 ].…”

Water Sorption, Solubility, and Translucency of 3D-Printed Denture Base Resins

“…Shin et al [37] observed that water storage for a month resulted in water sorption, which could affect the optical properties of 3D-printed resins. Kim et al [38] conducted a study that assessed the translucency and color stability of 3D-printed provisional resins; they found minor changes in translucency and noted that 3D-printed dental prostheses had a yellowish color while their opacity increased after water storage for 6 months [38].…”

Self-Healing and Highly Stretchable Hydrogel for Interfacial Compatible Flexible Paper-Based Micro-Supercapacitor

“…Three-dimensional (3D) printing technique can manufacture the 3D physical consistent with the corresponding mathematical mode by stacking materials layer by layer [25][26][27]. Benefiting from its process flexibility and large-scale scalability, the cost-effective direct ink writing (DIW) method, known as 3D printing based on ink extrusion, opens the way for the next-generation power sources [28].…”