Colonization in metapopulations: a review of theory and observations

Ebenhard, Torbjörn

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-284120-0.50010-3

Cited by 35 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Restricted dispersal can result in increased levels of inbreeding, smaller effective population sizes and loss of genetic variation (Gilpin 1991;Hastings and Harrison 1994;Lacy and Lindenmayer 1995). Important variables that may influence dispersal rate, and ultimately population stability and persistence, include the number of habitat patches, and their size and spatial configuration (den Boer 1979;Ebenhard 1991;Hansson 1991;. Harrison (1991) outlines four types of metapopulations, each with different impacts on population dynamics: (1) classic or true metapopulations; (2) mainlandisland systems; (3) patchy populations; and (4) nonequilibrium metapopulations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mainland-island systems defined by large habitat patches and many small patches are more common (Harrison 1991). Regional stability is unaffected by local extinctions in the smaller patches because the extinction-resistant mainland acts as the major provider of colonists for the extirpated patches (Ebenhard 1991). Genetic variation, in turn, is maintained in the mainland population because of its size.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of habitat fragmentation on dispersal patterns, mating behavior, and genetic variation in a pika ( Ochotona princeps ) metapopulation

1997

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Habitat fragmentation is becoming increasingly common, yet, the effect of habitat spatial structure on population dynamics remains undetermined for most species. Populations of a single species found in fragmented and nonfragmented habitat present a rare opportunity to examine the effect of habitat spatial structure on population dynamics. This study investigates the impact of highly fragmented habitat on dispersal patterns, mating behavior, and genetic variation in a pika (Ochotona princeps) population with a mainland-island spatial structure. Juvenile dispersal patterns in fragmented habitat revealed that individuals tended to disperse to neighboring habitat patches. However, within-patch band-sharing scores from multilocus DNA fingerprints did not differ from what would be expected if individuals were assorting randomly among habitat patches each year. Multiple, short-distance dispersal targets for juveniles and occasional long-distance dispersal events suggest that habitat fragmentation on this scale has not resulted in restricted dispersal and a genetically subdivided population. Although pikas tended to mate with the closest available partner, DNA fingerprinting band-sharing scores between mated pairs were consistent with a random mating hypothesis. Random mating in this population appears to be an incidental effect of dispersal in a fragmented habitat. This pattern is distinct from that found in nonfragmented habitat (large talus patches) where mating was non-random and consistent with mating between individuals of intermediate relatedness. DNA fingerprinting data revealed within-species variation in the mating habits of the pika directly attributable to habitat spatial structure.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of habitat fragmentation on dispersal patterns, mating behavior, and genetic variation in a pika ( Ochotona princeps ) metapopulation

1997

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“…Ehrlich et al (1972Ehrlich et al ( , 1980 and Solbreck (1991) documented cases where rare environmental catastrophes correlated with local extirpations and poor recoveries of insect populations as a consequence of damage to their host plants. The recovery of local populations, such as these, occurs only if there is a sufficient pool of individuals to disperse into the empty sites (Harrison et al 1988;Ebenhard 1991;Stacey and Taper 1992). The drought of 1988 was "global" with respect to the geographic range of E. solidaginis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of drought on the Solidago altissima-Eurosta solidaginis-natural enemy complex: population dynamics, local extirpations, and measures of selection intensity on gall size

2000

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Environmental catastrophes, such as severe drought, can reduce host-plant quality and/or abundance, which in turn decrease levels of herbivore populations. Such changes in herbivore populations affect populations of their natural enemies. As part of a long-term field experiment (1983-1991), galls of Eurosta solidaginis from 16 fields in central Pennsylvania were systematically collected from goldenrod ramets. Galls were dissected to compare the occurrence of E. solidaginis mortality caused by its natural enemies in 2 drought years (1988, 1991) with 5 pre-drought years (1983-1987) and 2 post-drought years (1989-1990). Gall diameters were significantly smaller in both drought years and early larval death significantly decreased E. solidaginis survivorship in the first drought year. Of the natural enemies, the parasitoid wasp Eurytoma gigantea caused significant selection for larger gall size in all pre-drought years, the 1991 drought, and both post-drought years, due to its differential attack of smaller galls. In spite of drought-induced small gall size in 1988, there was negligible selection on gall size by natural enemies. However, populations of E. solidaginis did suffer local extirpations at nine of the 16 fields during the first drought year and population recoveries of the gall inducer and natural enemies varied among fields in the post-drought years. As a consequence of reduced herbivore abundance in drought and post-drought years, some natural-enemy populations were absent. Drought therefore drastically reduced the abundance of E. solidaginis and natural enemies resulting in slow recoveries to pre-drought numbers.

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“…The nature of individuals themselves (age, size and relatedness) can influence the way density is perceived . Moreover, dispersal is crucial to the persistence of small or fragmented populations, facilitating the invasion of new habitats and the maintenance of gene flow (EBENHARD 1991;HANSKI 1999). In local populations dispersal could result in either colonisation (empty patches -following on extinction) or augmentation (patches occupied by conspecifics) processes (LEVINS 1969;EBENHARD 1991;IMS & YOCCOZ 1997;LE GALLIARD et al 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Experimental study of dispersal behaviour in a wall lizard species (Podarcis sicula) (Sauria Lacertidae)

Vignoli

Vuerich

Bologna

2012

Ethology Ecology & Evolution

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""Chemical communication is known to be of great importance in animals,. particularly in the dynamic processes involving social behaviours and spatial orientation.. Yet in many animal species exhibiting social behaviours, the mechanisms at. the base of interindividual recognition and spatial orientation are virtually unknown.. We addressed this issue in a series of laboratory experiments using Salamandrina. perspicillata, an Italian endemic salamander, by means of Y-maze test. Individuals. did not discriminate between the soil from the site of capture and other substrates.. Salamanders were able to recognise their own chemical cue by selecting the arm. housing the paper soaked in their body secretions, so demonstrating their capacity for. following a trail of their own chemical cues. No interindividual (either homosexual or. heterosexual) attraction was observed. Therefore, substrate-borne chemical cues produced. by conspecifics of S. perspicillata seem to have no sociosexual significance for. individuals from their own populations. Our results show a clear influence of chemical. cues on individual behaviour in S. perspicillata. Although our data reveal such a. behavioural trait, no evidence of gregariousness was found in the tested population."

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Colonization in metapopulations: a review of theory and observations

Cited by 35 publications

References 66 publications

The effect of habitat fragmentation on dispersal patterns, mating behavior, and genetic variation in a pika ( Ochotona princeps ) metapopulation

The effect of habitat fragmentation on dispersal patterns, mating behavior, and genetic variation in a pika ( Ochotona princeps ) metapopulation

The effects of drought on the Solidago altissima-Eurosta solidaginis-natural enemy complex: population dynamics, local extirpations, and measures of selection intensity on gall size

Experimental study of dispersal behaviour in a wall lizard species (Podarcis sicula) (Sauria Lacertidae)

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