Colonization and infection in the newborn infant: Does chlorhexidine play a role in infection prevention?

Rosario, Programa de Neonatología Lizeth OrtegónUniversidad del; Puentes-Herrera, Marcela; Corrales, Ivohne Fernanda; …, Facultad de Medicina Jorge A CortésDepartamento de Medicina Interna y Grupo de Investigación en

doi:10.5546/aap.2017.eng.65

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(41 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It is used as an antiseptic for medical and veterinarian antisepsis, oral disinfection and hand scrubs (Lowbury and Lilly, 1960 ; Holloway et al, 1986 ; Kuruvilla and Kamath, 1998 ; Traor et al, 2000 ; Gomes et al, 2001 ). Chlorhexidine works against gram positive and negative bacteria, fungi and is spore- and mycobacteriostatic (Davies et al, 1954 ; Beeuwkes, 1958 ; Ortegón et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Disinfectants and Antiseptics And Their Mechanism Of Actionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of disinfectants and antiseptics on co- and cross-selection of resistance to antibiotics in aquatic environments and wastewater treatment plants

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic led to increased use of disinfectants and antiseptics (DAs), resulting in higher concentrations of these compounds in wastewaters, wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents and receiving water bodies. Their constant presence in water bodies may lead to development and acquisition of resistance against the DAs. In addition, they may also promote antibiotic resistance (AR) due to cross- and co-selection of AR among bacteria that are exposed to the DAs, which is a highly important issue with regards to human and environmental health. This review addresses this issue and provides an overview of DAs structure together with their modes of action against microorganisms. Relevant examples of the most effective treatment techniques to increase the DAs removal efficiency from wastewater are discussed. Moreover, insight on the resistance mechanisms to DAs and the mechanism of DAs enhancement of cross- and co-selection of ARs are presented. Furthermore, this review discusses the impact of DAs on resistance against antibiotics, the occurrence of DAs in aquatic systems, and DA removal mechanisms in WWTPs, which in principle serve as the final barrier before releasing these compounds into the receiving environment. By recognition of important research gaps, research needs to determine the impact of the majority of DAs in WWTPs and the consequences of their presence and spread of antibiotic resistance were identified.

show abstract

Section: Disinfectants and Antiseptics And Their Mechanism Of Actionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of disinfectants and antiseptics on co- and cross-selection of resistance to antibiotics in aquatic environments and wastewater treatment plants

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A survey of 29 European countries showed that the prevalence of HAIs in NICUs (10.7%) and neonatology wards (3.5%) was unacceptably high 2. HAIs have a significant impact on neonatal morbidity, mortality and long-term sequelae and increase the cost of healthcare 3. Bacterial infections are the main cause of 2.9 million neonatal deaths each year 4–6.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of chlorhexidine cleansing on healthcare-associated infections in neonates: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Zhou

Mei

Chen

2021

Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundHealthcare-associated infections (HAIs) have a significant impact on neonatal morbidity, mortality and long-term prognosis, which have a high incidence in neonates. Many studies have shown that chlorhexidine cleansing is effective in reducing HAIs in adults, but the effect of chlorhexidine cleansing on HAIs in neonates remains controversial.AimThe purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the effect of chlorhexidine cleansing on HAIs in neonates. The protocol of this review has been registered with the PROSPERO international prospective register of systematic reviews.MethodsA systematic literature search was performed on five medical literature databases, namely MEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), published up until 3 March 2021. In the end, six studies were eligible for inclusion, including four randomised controlled trials and two quasi-experimental studies. Version 2 of the Cochrane tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials and the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklist for quasi-experimental studies were used for quality assessment. Pooled risk ratios (RRs) and their associated 95% CIs were calculated using the fixed effects model (I2 <50%) or the random effects model (I2 ≥50%).Findings and conclusionsThe results of the meta-analysis revealed that chlorhexidine cleansing had no significant effect on neonatal sepsis (RR: 0.49, 95% CI 0.18 to 1.38, p=0.18, I2=0%), but significantly reduced neonatal skin bacterial colonisation (RR: 0.61, 95% CI 0.42 to 0.90, p=0.01, I2=50%). In addition, this systematic review showed that chlorhexidine cleansing could significantly reduce central line-associated bloodstream infection in neonates based on large-sample studies. However, more studies are needed to determine the optimal concentration and frequency of chlorhexidine cleansing.PROSPERO registration number CRD42021243858.

show abstract

“…Several practices such as isolation of infected patient, expansion of compliance with hand hygiene, increased environmental cleanliness, and efficient catheter maintenance have been demonstrated to reduce HAIs in NICUs [11]. However, HAIs are still major problem among preterm infants in NICU.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of camera monitoring and feedback along with training on hospital infection rate in a neonatal intensive care unit

Karabay

Kaya

Hafızoğlu

et al. 2019

Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundIn terms of pediatric healthcare-associated infections (HAI), neonatal intensive care units (NICU) constitute the greatest risk. Contacting a health care personnel, either directly or indirectly, elevates NICU occurrence rate and risks other infants in the same unit. In this study, it is aimed to retrospectively analyze the effect of the training along with camera monitoring and feedback (CMAF) to control the infection following a small outbreak.MethodsESBL producing Klebsiella pneumoniae was detected on three infants in May 2014 at the isolation room of Sakarya University Hospital NICU. Precautions were taken to prevent further spread of the infection. The infected infants were isolated and the decolonization process was initiated. For this aspect, health care workers (HCWs) in NICU were trained for infection control measures. An infection control committee has monitored the HCWs. Before monitoring, an approval was obtained from the hospital management and HCWs were informed about the CMAF, who were then periodically updated. On a weekly basis, NICU workers were provided with the feedbacks. Epidemic period and post-epidemic control period (June–July–August 2014) were evaluated and p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsHealthcare-associated infection (HAI) density was 9.59% before the onset of the CMAF, whereas it was detected as 2.24% during the CMAF period (p < 0.05). Following the precautions, HAI and HAI density rates have reduced to 76.6% and 74.85%, respectively. Moreover, hand hygiene compliance of health care workers was found 49.0% before the outbreak, whereas this rate has elevated to 62.7% after CMAF.ConclusionsHealthcare workers should be monitored in order to increase their compliance for infection control measures. Here, we emphasized that that CMAF of health workers may contribute reducing the HAI rate in the NICU.

show abstract

Colonization and infection in the newborn infant: Does chlorhexidine play a role in infection prevention?

Cited by 4 publications

References 29 publications

The effect of disinfectants and antiseptics on co- and cross-selection of resistance to antibiotics in aquatic environments and wastewater treatment plants

The effect of disinfectants and antiseptics on co- and cross-selection of resistance to antibiotics in aquatic environments and wastewater treatment plants

Effect of chlorhexidine cleansing on healthcare-associated infections in neonates: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Effect of camera monitoring and feedback along with training on hospital infection rate in a neonatal intensive care unit

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About