Colonic seromuscular augmentation cystoplasty following subtotal cystectomy for treatment of bladder necrosis caused by bladder torsion in a dog

Abstract

Urinary bladder torsion is a surgical emergency in dogs. Ischemia of the urinary bladder wall may result from strangulation of the arterial and venous blood supply and from overdistension. Subtotal resection of the urinary bladder, preserving only the trigone area and the ureteral openings, and colonic seromuscular augmentation can be used to successfully treat urinary bladder torsion in dogs.

Chronic urinary bladder torsion causing urinary incontinence in a cat

“…Cystopexy has been performed and recommended after reduction of bladder herniation in conjunction with perineal and inguinal herniorrhaphy in the cat, 9,10 and after reduction of a necrotic torsed canine bladder. 7 The procedure was reported as being well tolerated. 9,10 …”

“…6,7 Bladder necrosis in the post-OHE dog was attributed to strangulation of the vesicular arteries and veins due to the torsion. 7 We did not observe cystic necrosis in the cat, possibly because of preservation of the cranial vesicular vasculature. The lateral ligaments of the bladder were observed to be torn, and considered to be the cause of bladder torsion after OHE in the dog.…”

Evaluation of intraluminal pressure in cystorrhaphies with and without intestinal serosal patch supplementation from canine cadavers

“…. Serosal patching has being described as a well succeeded supplemental technique when employed to different organs and species 1,5,8,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16][18][19][20] . However, one study showed that the use of a serosal patch over intestinal anastomosis did not increase the survival of dogs with peritonitis, when compared to individuals that did not receive such supplementation 15 .…”

“…Smaller tumors and traumatic rupture demand resection of necrotic tissue by means of partial cystectomy. In such conditions, the preservation of the vesical trigonal area allows the full recovery of its function and size, four to six months following the removal of approximately 70 to 90% of its wall 1,[5][6][7] . If after partial cystectomy the remaining vesical tissue is questionable, intestinal serosal patching over the suture line may be recommended as a supplemental procedure 8 .…”

Full-Thickness Hysterocystoplasty for Management of a Large Bladder Defect: Experimental Study in Goats

“…Although cystoplasty is a historic topic that has been discussed well in scientific literature and argued at legendary proportion among urologists, the search for an ideal organ to replace a diseased bladder remains elusive for reconstructive urologists [32]. Many augmentation cystoplasty or neobladder techniques have been used routinely for treatment of reduced bladder compliance and capacity secondary to bladder infection and inflammation [27], neurogenic dysfunction or congenital bladder disorders [16], detrusor over activity [10], large bladder defects [8,9], bladder necrosis [30] and bladder tumors [7,12]. Although encouraging animal and human results have been reported with different techniques, each technique had its own limitations, complications and disadvantages [2,4,11,27].…”