Colon Drug Delivery Systems for the Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Abstract

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is one of the most common chronic diseases that affect the entire gastrointestinal tract (GIT) especially the colon. Its symptoms extend from mild diarrhea, abdominal pain, and bloody diarrhea to severe conditions which affect the quality of life. Many treatments have been developed to treat and cure IBD and to improve patient's quality of life. The big challenge faces the newly developed treatments is the site of action as the colon presents at the distal end of the GIT and have a complex biological environment. Many technologies have been investigated to target the colon, load higher amounts of active ingredients, and decrease unwanted side effects resulted from upper GIT absorption. This review briefly discusses the IBD, treatment lines, physiological considerations, and all methods of colon targeting technologies starting from the traditional methods which based on pH, time, and microbial content of the colon. Also, we discussed in detail all new techniques based on Micro and Nanotechnology which improve the effectiveness of used therapeutics.

Health-Related Composition and Bioactivity of an Agave Sap/Prickly Pear Juice Beverage

“…Because of the production of SCFAs, the pH of the colon increased from 6.0 in the cecum to 6.7 in the distal colon. A further reduction in gut pH may be linked to inflammatory bowel diseases [ 18 ].…”

“…Because of the production of SCFAs, the pH of the colon increased from 6.0 in the cecum to 6.7 in the distal colon. A further reduction in gut pH may be linked to inflammatory bowel diseases [18]. The pH levels of the samples remained stable at the beginning of the fermentation process, with no significant differences between them (p < 0.05).…”

Health-Related Composition and Bioactivity of an Agave/Prickly Pear Juice Beverage

“…Because of the production of SCFA, the pH of the colon increased from 6.0 in the cecum to 6.7 in the distal colon. A further reduction in gut pH may be linked to inflammatory bowel diseases (Qelliny et al, 2019). The pH levels in the samples remained stable at the beginning of the fermentation process, with no significant differences between them (p<0.05).…”

An Overview: Development of Colon Drug Delivery System and Its Application and Limitations

“…The higher pH of the small intestine makes the enteric layer begin to dissolve. In the colon, lactulose begins to dissolve with the help of sufficient acidic media-producing microflora and is able to dissolve the acid layer that surrounds the drug and affects the rate of dissolution of the drug [22].…”

“…Osmotic swelling of the thrust unit forces the drug gel out of the hole and the release of the drug begins when the unit reaches the colon. OROS-CT units can maintain a constant release rate of up to 24 h in the colon [14,22].…”