Colon Cancer Risk of a Westernized Diet Is Reduced in Mice by Feeding Cruciferous or Apiaceous Vegetables at a Lower Dose of Carcinogen but Not a Higher Dose

Kim, Sangyub; Abernathy, Breann; Trudo, Sabrina P.; Gallaher, Daniel D.

doi:10.15430/jcp.2020.25.4.223

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Previous work by our group with the TWD [29] has shown that in mice initiated with AOM but not given DSS, mice fed the TWD had increased colonic ACF compared to animals fed the AIN93G diet. Similarly, another group [45] using the TWD demonstrated that A/J mice fed 100 mg/kg of the foodborne carcinogen 2amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo(4,5-b)pyridine (PhIP) had increased ACF relative to mice fed the AIN93G diet suggesting that the carcinogenic phenotype elicited by feeding the TWD is not exclusive to the AOM induction model. Benninghoff et al [30] demonstrated that mice fed the TWD had altered colon mucosa gene expression related to interferon response, inflammation, innate immunity, adaptive immunity, and antigen processing pathways relative to cohorts fed the AIN93G diet.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Western Dietary Pattern Combined with Vancomycin-Mediated Changes to the Gut Microbiome Exacerbates Colitis Severity and Colon Tumorigenesis

et al. 2021

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Previous work by our group using a mouse model of inflammation-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) showed that the total Western diet (TWD) promoted colon tumor development. Others have also shown that vancomycin-mediated changes to the gut microbiome increased colorectal cancer (CRC). Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the impact of vancomycin on colon tumorigenesis in the context of a standard mouse diet or the TWD. A 2 × 2 factorial design was used, in which C57Bl/6J mice were fed either the standard AIN93G diet or TWD and with vancomycin in the drinking water or not. While both the TWD and vancomycin treatments independently increased parameters associated with gut inflammation and tumorigenesis compared to AIN93G and plain water controls, mice fed the TWD and treated with vancomycin had significantly increased tumor multiplicity and burden relative to all other treatments. Vancomycin treatment significantly decreased alpha diversity and changed the abundance of several taxa at the phylum, family, and genus levels. Conversely, basal diet had relatively minor effects on the gut microbiome composition. These results support our previous research that the TWD promotes colon tumorigenesis and suggest that vancomycin-induced changes to the gut microbiome are associated with higher tumor rates.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Western Dietary Pattern Combined with Vancomycin-Mediated Changes to the Gut Microbiome Exacerbates Colitis Severity and Colon Tumorigenesis

et al. 2021

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“…In contrast, high-fat diets have been observed to increase liver CYP activities in several animal models. In A/J and wild-type mice, a high-fat diet increased both hepatic CYP1A2 [34] and 2E1 activity, respectively, compared to a low-fat diet [35]. CYP2E1 is involved in the metabolism of ketogenic substances [36].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Western Diet Decreases Hepatic Drug Metabolism in Male LDLr−/−ApoB100/100 Mice

Koponen

Rysä

Ruotsalainen

et al. 2023

Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism

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Consumption of a Western diet is an important risk factor for several chronic diseases including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but its effect on the xenobiotic metabolizing enzyme activities in the liver has been studied incompletely. In this study, male LDLr−/−ApoB100/100 mice were fed with Western diet (WD) or a standard diet for five months to reveal the effects on drug metabolism such as cytochrome P450 (CYP) oxidation and conjugation activities in the liver. Hepatic steatosis, lobular inflammation, and early fibrosis were observed in WD fed mice, but not in chow diet control mice. When compared to the controls, the WD-fed mice had significantly decreased protein-normalized CYP probe activities of 7-ethoxyresorufinO-deethylation (52%), coumarin 7-hydroxylation (26%), 7-hydroxylation of 3-(3-fluoro-4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methoxycoumarin (70%), 7-hydroxylation of 3-(4-trifluoromethoxyphenyl)-6-methoxycoumarin (78%), 7-hydroxylation of 3-(3-methoxyphenyl)coumarin (81%), and pentoxyresorufin O-depentylation (66%). Increased activity was seen significantly in sulfonation of 3-(4-methylphenyl)-7-hydroxycoumarin (289%) and cytosol catechol O-methyltranferase (COMT, 148%) in the WD group when compared to the controls. In conclusion, the WD-induced steatosis in male LDLr−/−ApoB100/100 mice was associated with decreased CYP oxidation reactions but had no clear effects on conjugation reactions of glucuronidation, sulfonation, and cytosolic catechol O-methylation. Consequently, the WD may decrease the metabolic elimination of drugs compared to healthier low-fat diets.

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“…In addition to the epidemiological studies listed previously, other groups have attempted to confirm the protective effects of cruciferous vegetable consumption in vivo. Studies in rodent models of colorectal cancer have demonstrated the protective effects of including cruciferous vegetables in the diet by detecting a reduced formation of aberrant crypt foci in cruciferous vegetable-eating animals [ 45 , 46 ]. Furthermore, these studies have demonstrated that the protective effects are not recapitulated when other classes of vegetables are included in the diet in place of cruciferous vegetables.…”

Section: Organosulfur Compounds Derived From Cruciferous Vegetablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organosulfur Compounds in Colorectal Cancer Prevention and Progression

McAlpine,

Fernández,

Villar

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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This work represents an overview of the current investigations involving organosulfur compounds and colorectal cancer. The molecules discussed in this review have been investigated regarding their impact on colorectal cancer directly, at the in vitro, in vivo, and clinical stages. Organosulfur compounds may have indirect effects on colorectal cancer, such as due to their modulating effects on the intestinal microbiota or their positive effects on intestinal mucosal health. Here, we focus on their direct effects via the repression of multidrug resistance proteins, triggering of apoptosis (via the inhibition of histone deacetylases, increases in reactive oxygen species, p53 activation, β-catenin inhibition, damage in the mitochondrial membrane, etc.), activation of TGF-β, binding to tubulin, inhibition of angiogenesis and metastasis mechanisms, and inhibition of cancer stem cells, among others. In general, the interesting positive effects of these nutraceuticals in in vitro tests must be further analyzed with more in vivo models before conducting clinical trials.

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Colon Cancer Risk of a Westernized Diet Is Reduced in Mice by Feeding Cruciferous or Apiaceous Vegetables at a Lower Dose of Carcinogen but Not a Higher Dose

Cited by 4 publications

References 56 publications

The Western Dietary Pattern Combined with Vancomycin-Mediated Changes to the Gut Microbiome Exacerbates Colitis Severity and Colon Tumorigenesis

The Western Dietary Pattern Combined with Vancomycin-Mediated Changes to the Gut Microbiome Exacerbates Colitis Severity and Colon Tumorigenesis

Western Diet Decreases Hepatic Drug Metabolism in Male LDLr−/−ApoB100/100 Mice

Organosulfur Compounds in Colorectal Cancer Prevention and Progression

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