Colon and Rectum Cancer in Thailand: An Overview

Abstract

Cancers of the colon and rectum are rare in developing countries, in contrast to the high incidence rates in countries of Europe, North America, Australia and Japan. Significant differences also exist within continents. Colorectal cancer mortality and incidence rates have decreased in the USA. However, the incidence in Japan and Thailand is rising, probably due to the acquisition of Western lifestyle. Incidence also increases with age: carcinomas are rare before the age of 40 years except in individuals with genetic predisposition or predisposing conditions. The incidence rate of colorectal cancer in Thailand is low when compared with other countries. It is the third in frequency in males after liver and bile duct and lung cancers, and the fifth after cancers of the cervix, breast, liver and bile duct and lung for females. The highest incidence for both sexes is seen in Bangkok. The number of cases of colorectal cancer in both sexes is increasing and will probably exceed that of lung cancer in the next decade. Thus, we are planning to have colorectal cancer screening programme. We should pay more attention on primary and secondary prevention to control colorectal cancer in Asian countries.

Clinicopathological Features of Colon Adenocarcinoma in Qazvin, Iran: A 16 Year Study

“…For instance, incidence and mortality of CRC decreased significantly in the USA which is one of the high risk countries, because of early diagnosis (Jamal et al, 2011). On the other hand, rapid increase of colorectal cancer has been observed in areas that had been recognized as low risk areas previously (Hosseini et al, 2004;Khuhaprema and Srivatanakul, 2008;Safaee et al, 2012). Iran is known as low risk country for CRC (Jamal et al, 2011).…”

Association of Wilms' tumor 1 gene single-nucleotide polymorphism rs16754 with colorectal cancer

“…In Thailand, CRC is the third most common type of cancer in men and the fifth in women. Furthermore, CRC statistics from 4 regional registries in the country, which have been collecting data for >20 years, clearly demonstrated that the incidence rates of CRC are continuously increasing (2). Between 2001 and 2003, the estimated incidence rates of CRC in Thailand were 11.3/100,000 men and 7.9/100,000 women (2), while in 2008, the respective incidence rates were 14.7/100,000 and 11.8/100,000 (3).…”

Association of BMP6 Methylation and Expression with Clinicopathological Features in Colorectal Cancer

“…CRC death rates have been increasing in Thailand, where CRC is the third most common malignancy in males after hepatobiliary and lung cancers, and the fifth in females after cancers of the cervix, breast, hepatobiliary and lung. The number of colorectal cancer cases in both sexes is increasing and will probably exceed that of lung cancer in the next decade [3]. CRC is one of the cancers that can be prevented by secondary prevention.…”

“…The majority of cancers arising in the colon and rectum is adenocarcinoma that account for more than 90% of all large bowel tumors. The disease can be cured by the detection at earlier stage and even prevented by the removal of adenomas [3].…”