Colloidal‐Crystal‐Assisted Imprint for Mesoscopic Structured Arrays and Hierarchical Patterns

Abstract

Characterization: XRD patterns were recorded on a Scintag diffractometer operated at 35 kV voltage and 30 mA current with Cu Ka radiation (k = 1.54178 ). SEM images were taken on a Hitachi S-3500N scanning electron microscope. TEM images were obtained with a Philips 420 transmission electron microscope with an accelerating voltage of 120 kV. HRTEM micrographs, SAED patterns, and EDS spectra were taken on a JEOL-20l0F transmission electron microscope operated at 200 kV. [1±4] fabricating biological and chemical sensors, [5,6] and controlling crystallization. [7,8] Existing elegant approaches involving lithography, imprint, and soft lithography techniques have been successfully applied for creating patterned surfaces in microelectronics and plastic electronics. Received[9±20] In particular, imprinting is an interesting approach because of its scalable, parallel, cost-effective, and promising low-cost device applications. Meanwhile, high-resolution templates and simpler patterning processes are becoming more attractive for mesoscale imprinting and patterning multilayered hybrid films. As we know, three-dimensional colloidal crystals, the versatile templates and scaffolds, have prompted a creative surge in threedimensionally structured materials such as photonic bandgap materials and multiporous materials.[21±27] However, three-dimensional colloidal crystals, to the best of our knowledge, have not been used as templates for mesoscopic imprinting and patterning. Recently, we reported that three-dimensional colloidal crystals could be intentionally utilized to fabricate two-dimensional mesoscopic arrays and self-assembled monolayers via the ªcolloidal-crystal-assisted capillary nanofabricationº (CCACN) method.[28] However, there are limitations for patterning hybrid multilayered structures and fabricating hierarchical patterns using CCACN, ªmicromolding in capillariesº (MIMIC), [29] ªmicrofluidic networkº (lFN), [30,31] micro/nanosphere lithography, [2,17,32,33] and controllable wetting approaches.[34±37]The colloidal-crystal-assisted imprint (CCAIP) approach is generally applicable: it develops a parallel mesoscopic surface fabrication or imprinting approach and also facilitates threedimensional colloidal crystals to generate meso-and even COMMUNICATIONS

Biomolecule‐Assisted Reduction in the Synthesis of Single‐Crystalline Tellurium Nanowires

“…Recently, it has been used as a biosorption agent for heavy metals and to make iron-oxide nanomaterials. [29,30] Herein, we extend its application to the synthesis of 1D nanostructures, and by this new and simple approach single-crystalline tellurium nanowires have been synthesized successfully with alginic acid as both reducing agent and directional template from commercial H 2 TeO 4 powders.…”

“…Based on numerous studies including methylation, periodate oxidation, and several physicochemical methods of structural analysis, the repeat units of alginic acid are deduced to be linear and made up of b-D-mannuronic and a-L-guluronic acid residues linked via 1 ® 4 bonds. [27,28] Previous research suggested that these linear molecules could react with inorganic ions to form chain-shaped intermediates, [28,30] which might serve as a template for the synthesis of 1D nanomaterials. In the case of the synthesis of tellurium nanowires, a large number of hydroxyl (±OH) groups on the surface of alginic acid could react with TeO 2± 4 groups to form chain-shaped intermediates, which could decompose to form tellurium crystals upon reduction.…”

“…Recently, we reported that three-dimensional colloidal crystals could be intentionally utilized to fabricate two-dimensional mesoscopic arrays and self-assembled monolayers via the ªcolloidal-crystal-assisted capillary nanofabricationº (CCACN) method. [28] However, there are limitations for patterning hybrid multilayered structures and fabricating hierarchical patterns using CCACN, ªmicromolding in capillariesº (MIMIC), [29] ªmicrofluidic networkº (lFN), [30,31] micro/nanosphere lithography, [2,17,32,33] and controllable wetting approaches.…”

Hierarchically Ordered Polymer Films by Templated Organization of Aqueous Droplets

“…[6] The multilevel ordering of a hierarchical structure facilitates incorporation of diverse functions simultaneously. It is well known that a considerable portion of complex functionalities of living systems relies on their hierarchical structures.…”

Facile one-step synthesis of micro/mesoporous material with ordered bimodal mesopores templated by protic ionic liquid as a heterogeneous catalyst support for alkylation

“…And these materials are widely studied as catalysts [4], adsorbents [5] and drug delivery carriers [6] so on. During the past decades, various methods have been put forward to obtain micro/mesoporous materials [7,8]. And each of these methods allows that the other parameters can be altered and controlled.…”