Collagen as a Potential Biomaterial in Biomedical Applications

Abstract

Collagen, a biopolymer finds its application in the preparation of pharmaceutical products that are used in wound management, ophthalmic, orthopaedic and oral surgeries. This wide applicability is due its special properties such as biodegradability, biocompatibility, easy availability and high versatility. Collagen is isolated from various sources such as bovine skin, fish skin, chicken skin, skin waste of marine organisms, solid wastes of leather industry, short tendons of slaughtered cattle and bone. The isolated collagen from biological wastes is found to be cost effective due to the adaptation of simple methods for its isolation when compared with other commercially available biological macromolecules. The functional groups such as amino and carboxylic acid present in collagen helps in its modification that suits for various end uses which include wound healing, ophthalmic defects, drug delivery and tissue engineering applications. These beneficial properties impart uniqueness to collagen molecule among the available bio molecules.

Conversion of sub-µm calcium carbonate (calcite) particles to hollow hydroxyapatite agglomerates in K2HPO4 solutions

“…Such a scheme is compatible with the apparent activation energy of the net conversion reaction and apparent activation energy of H 2 PO 4 ion diffusion in aqueous solution [37,[43][44][45]. In both cases in Figure 10(c and d), HAp grows inwardly as in the case of HAp nano-rod array grown on sodium calcium silicate glass substrate which were soaked in 0.01 M Na 2 HPO 4 solution [46][47][48][49].…”

A new classification method of nanotechnology for design integration in biomaterials

“…This technology design provides new approaches for the biofunction implementation and at the same time, materials in this design is considered to reduce the complex level of rejection reactions research than artificially synthesized materials. Extraction and separation by bioengineering by taking a biological component as a material skips the problem of manufacturing difficulties [46].…”

Value Addition to Leather Industry Wastes and By-Products: Hydrolyzed Collagen and Collagen Peptides

“…Moreover, collagen-based eye implants are preferred for the treatment of ophthalmic disorders. Such type of collagen-based implant preparation has shown considerable applicability because it provides stable and reasonable control over the postoperative complications such as intraocular pressure [114]. Collagen-based matrices find their use as corneal transplant and as temporary patches to repair perforations in case of emergencies [115].…”