Collaboration across boundaries in the Amazon

Prist, Paula Ribeiro; Levin, Noam; Metzger, Jean Paul; Mello, Kaline de; Costa, Micheli Duarte de Paula; Castagnino, Romi; Cortes-Ramirez, Javier; Lin, Da‐Li; Lloyd, Thomas; López-Cubillos, Sofía; Mayfield, Helen J.; Negret, Pablo José; Oliveira-Bevan, Isabella; Reside, April E.; Rhodes, Jonathan R.; Simmons, B. Alexander; Suárez‐Castro, Andrés Felipe; Kark, Salit

doi:10.1126/science.aaz7489

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Earth scientists have studied biophysical differences of borderlands, such as differences in terrain roughness in neighbour regions of Africa (Nunn and Puga 2012) or different soil erosion rates at the country scale as a consequence of differing national agricultural practices (Wuepper et al 2019). Conservation scientists have developed initiatives for across-border cooperation (Liu et al 2020, Prist et al 2019, Taggart-Hodge and Schoon 2016, ecosystem services management (López-Hoffman et al 2010, Rai et al 2018, cross-border protected areas (Thornton et al 2019), or across-border animal movement (Lennox et al 2016). Land systems and sustainability scientists have analyzed forest use, management and disturbances under different human population growth and land ownership across borders (Kuemmerle et al 2006;Röder et al 2015;Wuepper et al 2019;Wulder et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Land systems’ asymmetries across transnational ecoregions in South America

et al. 2021

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The landscape configuration of socio-ecological land systems results from the interaction between the environmental conditions (relatively homogeneous within ecoregions) and country-level management and land-use decisions. However, social, land-use and sustainability research disciplines often study each independently. We used Euclidean distance analyses of five indicators of land systems functioning to explore the geographical patterns of across-border human-induced asymmetries in transnational ecoregions of South America. The most asymmetric transnational ecoregions occurred in the tropical rainforest biome which also showed the widest range of asymmetry values compared to other biomes. In contrast, transnational ecoregions in montane grasslands showed comparatively little asymmetries, and tropical dry forests showed intermediate asymmetry values. This pattern indicates that major asymmetries occur in land systems located in productive biomes with a comparatively recent history of development, whereas mature socio-ecosystems with a long history of human land use are more homogeneous across borders. In some cases, asymmetries may stabilize as a consequence of reinforcing feedbacks that promote contrasting land-use decisions across borders, including, for example, the establishment of protected areas, or the promotion of agro-industrial activities. Transnational socio-ecological land systems can be used to evaluate alternatives for sustainable development because they highlight the influence of institutions under different governance regimes in defining the spatial configuration and ecological properties of regions. We invite land-use and sustainability scientists to consider political border interactions as valuable “natural experiments” to better understand the interrelations between biophysical and political systems in defining planetary geographical-ecology in the Anthropocene.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Land systems’ asymmetries across transnational ecoregions in South America

et al. 2021

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“…While coordinated transboundary conservation among countries has been promoted in international conventions (e.g. Bonn Convention and Leticia Pact), mechanisms to facilitate implementation are still required (Mason et al 2020;Prist et al 2019). The Escazú Agreement's provisions in relation to information sharing, environmental justice, and capacity building could provide a solid platform to support current and future institutional arrangements for transboundary conservation efforts (Fig.…”

Section: A Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

El histórico Acuerdo de Escazú: una oportunidad para integrar democracia, derechos humanos y conservación transfronteriza

López-Cubillos¹,

Avila²,

Roberson³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) is one of the world’s most biodiverse regions, but this diversity is threatened by the overexploitation of natural resources and internal social conflicts. In 2018, 33 LAC countries were invited to sign and ratify the landmark Escazú Agreement, which is the first legally binding environmental agreement to explicitly integrate human rights. The agreement outlines an approach to enhance the protection of environmental defenders, increase public participation in environmental decision-making, and foster cooperation among countries for biodiversity conservation. However, clear mechanisms to implement the ideals of the Agreement are currently lacking. We identify the key provisions of the Agreement and link these to tangible mechanisms which aim to integrate human rights and nature conservation. These mechanisms include technological (e.g. free online data), human-based (e.g. legal advice from multidisciplinary teams), and nature-based solutions (e.g. transboundary species management). As environmental assets – and threats to them – span national boundaries, the collaborative and participatory provisions of the agreement could catalyse coordinated transboundary environmental management. We call for the remaining 12 countries to ratify the Escazú Agreement to ensure the ideals of collaborative, just, and transparent environmental management are established across the entire LAC region.

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“…More recently, due to the change in public policies involving the half environment, Brazil has been suffering an environmental crisis, which was very evident with the Amazon fires in 2019 (Nature, 2019). Among the negative points of this crisis, according to Prist et al (2019), are the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem functions and the suspension of climate regulation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fire dynamics in Mato Grosso State, Brazil: the relative roles of gross primary productivity

Rossi

Santos

2020

Big Earth Data

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The fires and biomass burning are responsible for affect ecosystem processes in a wide range of biomes at regional and global scales. In Brazil, the state of Mato Grosso is one of the most affected by the occurrence of forest fires. Thus, this study aims to quantify the longterm changes in the temporal and spatial patterns of fire occurrence and their effect on gross primary productivity (GPP) in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil, considering the biomes that compose it. The images used in the study were acquired by satellite Terra and Aqua combined in the product MCD64A1.006, a monthly resolution of 500m by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensor, during the period from 01/10/2000 to 12/31/2018. The MOD17A2 product derived from the MODIS sensor provides the accumulated value of GPP. The points without the presence of burning presented higher values of GPP for all studied biomes. In some points with the presence of burning the GPP even decreased by 44.20%, 30.04% and 55.78% for Amazonia, Cerrado, and Pantanal, respectively. According to the results presented here, it is concluded that the burnings negatively impact gross primary production in the biomes of the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil and the dynamics of the burns do not keep up with the intensity of drought years. The use of cluster analysis techniques, such as principal component analysis (PCA), is an alternative to bigdata analysis when the objective is to evaluate the presence of forest burning in more than one biome.

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Collaboration across boundaries in the Amazon

Cited by 14 publications

References 9 publications

Land systems’ asymmetries across transnational ecoregions in South America

Land systems’ asymmetries across transnational ecoregions in South America

El histórico Acuerdo de Escazú: una oportunidad para integrar democracia, derechos humanos y conservación transfronteriza

Fire dynamics in Mato Grosso State, Brazil: the relative roles of gross primary productivity

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