Colistin resistant Escherichia coli carrying mcr-1 in urban sludge samples: Dhaka, Bangladesh

Islam, Aminul; Rahman, Zillur; Monira, Shirajum; Rahman, Md. Anisur; Camilli, Andrew; George, Christine Marie; Ahmed, Niyaz; Alam, Munirul

doi:10.1186/s13099-017-0227-4

Cited by 29 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…These previously reported sequences were found in E.coli isolated from animal and water sources of China, Japan, USA, Brazil and South America. E. coli carrying mcr-1 has been reported in recent years from urban sludge samples from Bangladesh [11]. The data in the present study show how rapidly the colistin resistant E. coli carrying mcr-1 has been disseminating, as those were found from street foods, hand rinse samples of the street food vendors, and healthy human gut in Dhaka, a densely populated city of Bangladesh.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 52%

“…The mcr-1 gene has spread to most continents, and has been detected in various bacterial isolates from animals, human and the environment, including E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloacae and Enterobacter aerogenes [35]. In Bangladesh, colistin resistant E. coli carrying mcr-1 was reported earlier from urban sludge samples [11]. Here in this study, colistin resistant E. coli carrying mcr-1 gene was found from water, street food, hand rinse samples of street food vendors, and healthy human gut samples in Bangladesh.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, in November 2015, the first plasmid borne colistin resistance gene mcr-1, encoding a phosphoethanolamine transferase, was detected in livestock and raw meat samples as well as humans in China [10]. A recent study in Bangladesh reported mcr-1 carrying E. coli in an urban sludge sample collected from Dhaka city [11]. Although little is known about the use of colistin in the clinical management of infectious diseases, this antibiotic has been widely used in the poultry industries of Bangladesh [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Colistin-resistant Escherichia coli carrying mcr-1 in food, water, hand rinse, and healthy human gut in Bangladesh

et al. 2020

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Background: One of the most significant public health concerns in today's world is the persistent upsurge of infections caused by multidrug resistant bacteria. As a result, clinicians are being forced to intervene with either less effective backup drugs or ones with substantial side-effects. Colistin is a last resort antimicrobial agent for the treatment of infections caused by multi-drug resistant gram-negative bacteria.Methods: Escherichia coli (n = 65) isolated from street food (n = 20), hand rinse (n = 15), surface water (n = 10), and healthy human stool (n = 20) were tested for colistin resistance gene mcr-1 and response to antimicrobial agents. Antimicrobial resistance genes and virulence genes were detected by employing polymerase chain reaction. DNA fingerprinting of the strains were determined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Results:Screening of E. coli allowed us to confirm colistin resistance marker gene mcr-1 in 13 strains (street food, n = 4; hand rinse, n = 2; surface water, n = 4; and stool, n = 3); and two of these E. coli strains carrying mcr-1 harbored bla TEM gene encoding extended spectrum beta lactamase. Antibiotic assay results revealed all 13 E. coli strains carrying mcr-1 to be multi-drug resistant (MDR), including to colistin. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for colistin ranged from 2 to 6 μg/ml. DNA sequencing confirmed homogeneity of the nucleotide sequence for mcr-1, but the E. coli strains were heterogenous, as confirmed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis suggesting horizontal transmission of colistin resistance in Bangladesh. Conclusion:Widespread dissemination of E. coli strains carrying mcr-1 encoding resistance to colistin in the present study is alarming as this is the last resort drug for the treatment of infections caused by MDR gram-negative bacteria resistant to almost all drugs used commonly.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 52%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Colistin-resistant Escherichia coli carrying mcr-1 in food, water, hand rinse, and healthy human gut in Bangladesh

et al. 2020

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“…There are few studies on the prevalence of mcr in Southeast Asia. Recently, mcr has been detected in the food-chain and environment from Pakistan, India and Bangladesh [3][4][5]. Here, we report the presence of mcr-1 in an E. coli strain retrieved from human faecal flora in a Bangladeshi hospital and provide evidence of its emergence into the clinical sector.…”

Section: The Studymentioning

confidence: 69%

Emergence of mcr-1 mediated colistin resistant Escherichia coli from a hospitalized patient in Bangladesh

Farzana

Jones

Rahman

et al. 2019

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: The emergence of plasmid mediated mcr in bacteria has become global public health threat. Herein, we report a mcr-1 positive E. coli in normal human flora from a patient admitted in Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH). Methodology: In total, 700 non-duplicate rectal swabs were collected from DMCH during 13th May to 12th June 2018. E. coli from rectal swabs were isolated on chromogenic UTI media containing vancomycin 10mg/l (Liofilchem, Italy) and confirmed by MALDI-TOF. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were determined by agar dilution and interpreted according to EUCAST breakpoints. Genomic analysis of mcr positive E. coli (MCRPEC) was performed by Illumina MiSeq sequencing and pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) using S1 nuclease DNA digests and blamcr-1 probing. Transferability of blamcr-1 were determined by conjugation assays. Results: We found one MCRPEC from 700 rectal swab screening which was isolated from the rectal swab culture of a 17-year boy who was admitted to the burns ICU, DMCH with 53% flame burn involving much of the trunk and face. Genome sequencing revealed that mcr-1 was present on an IncH12 plasmid of 257,243 bp and flanked by ISApaI1. The colistin resistance can be transferred to the recipient Klebsiella varricola with a frequency of 8.3 × 10-5. Transconjugants were more resistant to colistin than donor (MIC 32 µg/mL). Conclusions: This is the first human associated mcr in Bangladesh. These data indicate the need for a systematic “one health” surveillance in the country.

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“…Colistin destabilizes the outer membrane, but the subsequent disruption of the inner membrane ultimately leads to cell death (9, 10). Acquired colistin resistance has been reported in various Gram-negative bacteria that were isolated from clinical, veterinary, and environmental sources (11–13). The best-documented mechanism of colistin resistance involves the modification of lipid A with cationic groups to counteract the electrostatic interactions between colistin and lipid A (9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-clonal emergence of colistin resistance associated with mutations in the BasRS two-component system in Escherichia coli bloodstream isolates

Janssen

Bartholomew

Marciszewska

et al. 2019

Preprint

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1 8 1 9Infections by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria are increasingly common, 2 0 prompting the renewed interest in the use of colistin. Colistin specifically targets Gram-negative 2 1 bacteria by interacting with the anionic lipid A moieties of lipopolysaccharides, leading to 2 2 membrane destabilization and cell death. Here, we aimed to uncover the mechanisms of colistin 2 3 resistance in nine colistin-resistant Escherichia coli strains and one E. albertii strain. These were 2 4 the only colistin-resistant strains out of 1140 bloodstream Escherichia isolates collected in a 2 5tertiary hospital over a ten-year period (2006 -2015). Core genome phylogenetic analysis 2 6 showed that each patient was colonised by a unique strain, suggesting that colistin resistance was 2 7 acquired independently in each strain. All colistin-resistant strains had lipid A that was modified 2 8 with phosphoethanolamine. In addition, two E. coli strains had hepta-acylated lipid A species, 2 9containing an additional palmitate compared to the canonical hexa-acylated E. coli lipid A. One 3 0 E. coli strain carried the mobile colistin resistance (mcr) gene mcr-1.1 on an IncX4-type plasmid. 3 1

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Colistin resistant Escherichia coli carrying mcr-1 in urban sludge samples: Dhaka, Bangladesh

Cited by 29 publications

References 10 publications

Colistin-resistant Escherichia coli carrying mcr-1 in food, water, hand rinse, and healthy human gut in Bangladesh

Colistin-resistant Escherichia coli carrying mcr-1 in food, water, hand rinse, and healthy human gut in Bangladesh

Emergence of mcr-1 mediated colistin resistant Escherichia coli from a hospitalized patient in Bangladesh

Non-clonal emergence of colistin resistance associated with mutations in the BasRS two-component system in Escherichia coli bloodstream isolates

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