Cohort study of cardiovascular risk in asymptomatic young adults: subclinical atherosclerosis and coronary calcium score

Abstract

Coronary artery calcification is an early marker of subclinical atherosclerosis, but little research has been done in asymptomatic individuals under 45 years. In this cohort study with 17 years of follow-up, 155 participants were assessed in 2016 with a coronary calcium score for the association with cardiovascular risk factors. During follow-up, there was a significant increase in anthropometric measurements, cholesterol and fractions, and diastolic pressure. Participants who gained 1 cm in waist circumference had a mean reduction of 0.36 mg/dL in HDL-cholesterol and those who gained 1 kg/m 2 in body mass index had a reduction of 0.72 mg/dL in HDL-cholesterol. Married participants had a 4.78 mg/dL reduction in HDLcholesterol levels compared to singles. There was an increase of 2.09 mg/dL in HDL-cholesterol at each higher level of self-perceived health. One single case, a 32-year-old male, smoker, sedentary individual with a family history of cardiovascular disease, presented coronary calcification (0.6%). His HDL-cholesterol was reduced by 43.4%, with levels of less than 25 mg/dL at the time of coronary calcium scoring. Our findings may prompt broader studies of populations under 35 years with HDL-C levels below 25 mg/dL and family histories of cardiovascular disease, associated with obesity, sedentary lifestyle and smoking.

Coronary arterial calcification in patients with congenital generalised lipodystrophy: A case series

“…CCS-positive patients were older and had lower heart rate and ALT and higher fasting glycemia (Table 1 Comparison between CCS altered (>0.0) and normal (equal to 0.0). 29 years) is lower than 1%, 12 and in diabetic patients (age <40 years), it ranges from 4.7% to 8.7%. 13 The CAC frequency in our CGL patients was high compared to these data: a quarter had a CCS that differed from 0HU, and 15.8% had it greater than 100HU.…”

“…Although we do not have a control group, data from the literature indicate that CAC frequency in young non‐diabetic patients (mean age 29 years) is lower than 1%, 12 and in diabetic patients (age <40 years), it ranges from 4.7% to 8.7% 13 . The CAC frequency in our CGL patients was high compared to these data: a quarter had a CCS that differed from 0HU, and 15.8% had it greater than 100HU.…”

Estratificação do risco cardiovascular em cadeirantes jogadores de basquetebol

“…Ademais, o estudo de Gama et al (2017) com jovens estudantes universitários, determinou risco intermediário segundo ERG em mais da metade (52,38%) da amostra. Nesse sentido alguns estudos reforçam a importância dessa avaliação em populações jovens, que também estão sujeitas ao desencadeamento de alterações cardíacas pela associação de fatores de risco cardiovascular em longo prazo (Poletto, Schvartzman, Bruscato & Moriguchi, 2018;Santos & Ribas, 2017).…”

Coronary Artery Calcium Score - A Reliable Indicator of Coronary Artery Disease?

“…Coronary atherosclerosis, also known as coronary artery disease (CAD), refers to the building up of plaque in the main arteries supplying the heart muscle, leading to decreased blood flow. This plaque calcifies and ruptures over a period leading to thrombotic consequences [ 1 ]. CAD is one of the significant cardiovascular disorders that affect people all over the world.…”