Coherence in synchronizing power networks with distributed integral control

Andreasson, Martin; Tegling, Emma; Johansson, Karl Henrik

doi:10.1109/cdc.2017.8264613

Cited by 17 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(46 reference statements)

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“…Having validated (34), we now derive the exponential bound (33). By the Comparison Lemma, the use of convolution integral and bounding η(t) 2 by η(·) 2 ∞ , we arrive at…”

Section: Robustness Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of the H 2 norm for evaluating power network performance was first introduced in [30]. This versatile framework allows to characterize various network properties such as resistive power losses [30], voltage deviations [31], the role of inertia [32], phase coherence [33], in the presence of stochastic disturbances, as well as networkwide frequency transients induced by step changes [34], [35].…”

Section: H 2 Performance Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Robust Decentralized Secondary Frequency Control in Power Systems: Merits and Tradeoffs

Weitenberg

Yan

Zhao

et al. 2019

IEEE Trans. Automat. Contr.

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Frequency restoration in power systems is conventionally performed by broadcasting a centralized signal to local controllers. As a result of the energy transition, technological advances, and the scientific interest in distributed control and optimization methods, a plethora of distributed frequency control strategies have been proposed recently that rely on communication amongst local controllers. In this paper we propose a fully decentralized leaky integral controller for frequency restoration that is derived from a classic lag element. We study steadystate, asymptotic optimality, nominal stability, input-to-state stability, noise rejection, transient performance, and robustness properties of this controller in closed loop with a nonlinear and multivariable power system model. We demonstrate that the leaky integral controller can strike an acceptable tradeoff between performance and robustness as well as between asymptotic disturbance rejection and transient convergence rate by tuning its DC gain and time constant. We compare our findings to conventional decentralized integral control and distributedaveraging-based integral control in theory and simulations.Erik Weitenberg received the B.Sc. degree in mathematics and the M.Sc. degree in mathematics with a specialization in algebra and cryptography from the University of Groningen, The Netherlands, in 2010 and 2012 respectively. He is currently working toward the Ph.D. degree in control of cyber-physical systems at Univeristy of Groningen. His current research interests include stability and robustness of networked and cyber-physical systems, with applications to power systems.Yan Jiang is currently working toward the Ph.D. degree at the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and the M.S.E.

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“…Having validated (34), we now derive the exponential bound (33). By the Comparison Lemma, the use of convolution integral and bounding η(t) 2 by η(·) 2 ∞ , we arrive at…”

Section: Robustness Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: H 2 Performance Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Robust Decentralized Secondary Frequency Control in Power Systems: Merits and Tradeoffs

Weitenberg

Yan

Zhao

et al. 2019

IEEE Trans. Automat. Contr.

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“…A popular research topic in recent years [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16], [17] has been the application of global metrics from robust control to this kind of synchronization dynamics, as a tool to shed light on the role of various parameters, e.g. system inertia.…”

Section: A a Family Of Heterogeneous Machinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global performance metrics for synchronization of heterogeneously rated power systems: The role of machine models and inertia

Paganini

Mallada

2017

2017 55th Annual Allerton Conference on Communication, Control, and Computing (Allerton)

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A recent trend in control of power systems has sought to quantify the synchronization dynamics in terms of a global performance metric, compute it under very simplified assumptions, and use it to gain insight on the role of system parameters, in particular, inertia. In this paper, we wish to extend this approach to more realistic scenarios, by incorporating the heterogeneity of machine ratings, more complete machine models, and also to more closely map it to classical power engineering notions such as Nadir, Rate of Change of Frequency (RoCoF), and inter-area oscillations.We consider the system response to a step change in power excitation, and define the system frequency as a weighted average of generator frequencies (with weights proportional to each machine's rating); we characterize Nadir and RoCoF by the L∞ norm of the system frequency and its derivative, respectively, and inter-areas oscillations by the L2 norm of the error of the vector of bus frequencies w.r.t. the system frequency.For machine models where the dynamic parameters (inertia, damping, etc.) are proportional to rating, we analytically compute these norms and use them to show that the role of inertia is more nuanced than in the conventional wisdom. With the classical swing dynamics, inertia constant plays a secondary role in performance. It is only when the turbine dynamics are introduced that the benefits of inertia become more prominent.

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“…In previous analyses of the performance of secondary frequency control such as [15]- [17], it has been assumed that the controller has access to a noiseless measurement of local frequency, so thatω i = ω i in (3) and (4). As such, the only disturbance to the system has been P i , which is due to generation and load fluctuations.…”

Section: Noise Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Limitations of Distributed Integral Control in Power Networks Under Noisy Measurements

Flamme

Tegling

2018

2018 Annual American Control Conference (ACC)

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Distributed approaches to secondary frequency control have become a way to address the need for more flexible control schemes in power networks with increasingly distributed generation. The distributed averaging proportionalintegral (DAPI) controller presents one such approach. In this paper, we analyze the transient performance of this controller, and specifically address the question of its performance under noisy frequency measurements. Performance is analyzed in terms of an H2 norm metric that quantifies power losses incurred in the synchronization transient. While previous studies have shown that the DAPI controller performs well, in particular in sparse networks and compared to a centralized averaging PI (CAPI) controller, our results prove that additive measurement noise may have a significant negative impact on its performance and scalability. This impact is shown to decrease with an increased inter-nodal alignment of the controllers' integral states, either through increased gains or increased connectivity. For very large and sparse networks, however, the requirement for inter-nodal alignment is so large that a CAPI approach may be preferable. Overall, our results show that distributed secondary frequency control through DAPI is possible and may perform well also under noisy measurements, but requires careful tuning.

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Coherence in synchronizing power networks with distributed integral control

Cited by 17 publications

References 24 publications

Robust Decentralized Secondary Frequency Control in Power Systems: Merits and Tradeoffs

Robust Decentralized Secondary Frequency Control in Power Systems: Merits and Tradeoffs

Global performance metrics for synchronization of heterogeneously rated power systems: The role of machine models and inertia

Performance Limitations of Distributed Integral Control in Power Networks Under Noisy Measurements

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