With the introduction of low-powered pico/femto-base stations and relay nodes into the macro-cell, recent heterogeneous networks provide an attractive approach for future wireless communication. Although it may achieve better coverage and higher capacity, several problems remain unsolved before practical deployment. For example, how to select the proper cell from neighbor low-powered cells and then occupy the radio resource without interference on macro-users is both important and challenging, especially for rigorous multimedia applications. The traditional cell access algorithms and quality-control parameters such as delay or throughput no longer suit well in this complex environment. An effective approach should be pursued. In this paper, we investigate this interesting cell association problem and propose a complete green resolution on the basis of thorough discussions about the multimedia transmission under these concerns. Cognitive radio is introduced to share spectrum between macro-cell and low-powered cells while securing the transmission of authorized macro-users. We also bring forth the concept of 'interference balance' to better manage the overall interference and energy consumption in the network. Restless bandit model is formulated on the basis of channel state, data rate, interference control, and the carefully chosen intra-refreshing rate for multimedia traffic. Then the cell association scheme is designed to be efficient and practical because of the simple index property of our model output. Simulation results have proven the performance of our proposed resolution compared with existing algorithms on interference constraint, multimedia distortion, and overall network energy consumption balance. CELL ASSOCIATION IN COGNITIVE HETEROGENEOUS NETWORKS 531 heterogeneous networks [1]. Although it provides a promising direction for future wireless communication, many important issues need to be resolved before practical implementation.Considering the random installation from the users, it is hard to pre-allocate resources among macro-cells and low-powered cells [2]. Therefore, cognitive radio is introduced into the lowpowered nodes for available channels without impact on the ordinary work of the macro-cell [3]. As these cells often gather in neighborhood because of people aggregation, the terminal has to decide which cell to connect to. The decision of cell association should consider many factors in this complicated transmission environment, such as available bandwidth, channel state, traffic load, interference control, and energy consuming state (especially for battery nodes).Existing work has been carried out in the related fields. As to the macro-cell, there have been a large amount of research results, from both inter-cell resource allocation and power or bandwidth assignment in a single cell. Sadiq et al. [4] have given a comprehensive overview. For femto-cells, which have attracted increasing attention recently, handover with macro-cell, channel occupancy, and interference control are all interest...