2017
DOI: 10.1177/1555343417712464
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Cognitive Efficiency in Human–Machine Systems: Metrics of Display Effectiveness for Supporting Multitask Performance

Abstract: In this study, we define a metric for quantifying the cognitive efficiency (CE) of displays in human-machine systems and examine correlations between the metric and multitasking performance in a driving simulation. The CE metric uses existing theory and methods to quantify both display informativeness (increasing CE when displays convey more useful information to human operators) and required mental resources (increasing CE when fewer human mental resources must be allocated to the display). A divided-attentio… Show more

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Cited by 3 publications
(2 citation statements)
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References 36 publications
(43 reference statements)
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“…In addition to temporal variation, cognitive workload is difficult to measure because of individual differences (Matthews et al, 2015), such as differences in expertise (Sarkar et al, 2019), stress (Conway et al, 2013), and cognitive efficiency (Yang & Ferris, 2018). Due to individual differences, drivers may perform differently in the same cognitive task, thereby impacting the generalization of driver cognitive workload classification to different individuals.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In addition to temporal variation, cognitive workload is difficult to measure because of individual differences (Matthews et al, 2015), such as differences in expertise (Sarkar et al, 2019), stress (Conway et al, 2013), and cognitive efficiency (Yang & Ferris, 2018). Due to individual differences, drivers may perform differently in the same cognitive task, thereby impacting the generalization of driver cognitive workload classification to different individuals.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Classification algorithms may be fooled by drivers performing “attentively” in the CD conditions. Attentive driving may be achievable for some drivers in the distraction tasks, at least, for a short period when the drivers either have sufficient cognitive resources to process multitask loads, or more constantly if the drivers have higher cognitive efficiency—processing the same task with fewer cognitive resources (Yang & Ferris, 2018). Therefore, although many studies implicitly assume CD to be identical with the distraction task (Young, 2012), it is not guaranteed due to the dynamic fluctuations and individual differences in cognitive workload.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%