Cognitive Dysfunction in Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

People with diabetes mellitus type 2 will have higher rate of cognitive impairment than people that do not. Besides that, the effect of diabetes on the normal mental functions is often disregarded. This may be due to a lack of signs and standard assessment technique to measure the cognitive function of the diabetes patient. Hyperglycaemia which is common in people with diabetes has been associated with an increase in the possibility of developing Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia in the both general public and people with cognitive impairment. It has been estimated that an individual with diabetes mellitus is 1.5 times more likely to experience cognitive dysfunction and dementia than a normal healthy individual. Alleviation of microvascular complications and hypoglycaemia is the key in treatment of DM to prevent cognitive decline.

The effect of eight weeks of combined training on Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor- MIR132 levels and Cognitive Function in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats

“…The association between diabetes, cognitive impairment and dementia has also been investigated in several epidemiological studies. Research suggests that cognitive decline and dementia are associated with hypoglycemia and poor diabetes management [3]. Although the exact mechanism of these disorders after diabetes is not fully understood, evidence suggests that oxidative stress caused by free radicals is effective in this regard.…”

“…is the most common neurological complication of diabetes, which in addition to affecting the peripheral nervous system, leads to changes in the central nervous system, especially the brain the brain regions, the hippocampus is one of the most sensitive areas that is very vulnerable to harmful factors such as ischemia, stress and especially diabetes, and during it undergoes neurophysiological, structural and molecular changes such as neurogenesis and atrophy of the hippocampus [2].This protein is the most important neurotrophin distributed in the central nervous system and is an important biochemical factor that is involved in cognitive function and glucose metabolism. BDNF is an important factor in the brain that plays a particularly important role in nerve survival, differentiation and growth, and can affect brain functions including learning and memory [3].One of the most important microRNAs in the nervous system is miR-132, which has a wide variety of functions and purposes, depending on its location. studies have shown that BDNF plays a key role in increasing miR-132.…”