Cognitive decline and white matter changes in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy

Xu, Shengyong; Xi, Ji-hui; Lin, Chen; Wang, Xiaoyang; Fu, Liyuan; Kralik, Stephen F.; Chen, Ziqian

doi:10.1097/md.0000000000011803

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(48 reference statements)

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“…The root cause of epileptic seizures is the highly synchronized abnormal discharge of cerebral neurons. Epileptic seizures can lead to cognitive impairments in learning, memory, language, and intelligence (Hermann et al, ; Xu et al, ), which seriously affects the quality of life of epileptic patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resting‐state brain entropy in right temporal lobe epilepsy and its relationship with alertness

et al. 2019

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BackgroundTo date, no functional MRI (fMRI) studies have focused on brain entropy in right temporal lobe epilepsy (rTLE) patients. Here, we characterized brain entropy (BEN) alterations in patients with rTLE using resting‐state functional MRI(rs‐fMRI) and explored the relationship between BEN and alertness.MethodThirty‐one rTLE patients and 33 controls underwent MRI scanning to investigate differences in BEN and resting‐state functional connectivity (rs‐FC) in regions of interest (ROIs) between patients and controls. Correlation analyses were performed to examine relationships between the BEN of each ROI and alertness reaction times (RTs) in rTLE patients.ResultsCompared with controls, the BEN of rTLE patients was significantly increased in the right middle temporal gyrus, inferior temporal gyrus, and other regions of the left hemisphere and significantly decreased in the right middle frontal gyrus and left supplementary motor area (p < .05). The rs‐FCs between the ROIs (at p < .01, with the left superior parietal lobule and right precentral gyrus defined as ROI1 and ROI2, respectively) and the whole brain showed an increasing trend in rTLE patients. In addition, the BEN of ROI2 was associated with the intrinsic alertness and phasic alertness RTs of patients with rTLE.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that BEN is altered in patients with rTLE and that decreased BEN in the right precentral gyrus is positively related to intrinsic and phasic alertness; the abnormal FC in the brain regions with altered entropy suggests a reconstruction of brain functional connectivity. These findings suggest that BEN mapping may provide a useful tool for probing brain mechanisms related to TLE.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resting‐state brain entropy in right temporal lobe epilepsy and its relationship with alertness

et al. 2019

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“…FA value is used to measure the ability of directional diffusion of water molecules in tissues. The damage of white matter fiber structure in epileptic patients reduces the anisotropy of water molecule dispersion, leading to the decrease of FA value ( Xu et al, 2018 ). In our study, the white matter fibers involved in epileptic patients include the left and right anterior thalamic radiation and forceps minor.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain diffusion tensor imaging reveals altered connections and networks in epilepsy patients

Wang

Cheng²,

Shi³

et al. 2023

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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IntroductionAccumulating evidence shows that epilepsy is a disease caused by brain network dysfunction. This study explored changes in brain network structure in epilepsy patients based on graph analysis of diffusion tensor imaging data.MethodsThe brain structure networks of 42 healthy control individuals and 26 epilepsy patients were constructed. Using graph theory analysis, global and local network topology parameters of the brain structure network were calculated, and changes in global and local characteristics of the brain network in epilepsy patients were quantitatively analyzed.ResultsCompared with the healthy control group, the epilepsy patient group showed lower global efficiency, local efficiency, clustering coefficient, and a longer shortest path length. Both healthy control individuals and epilepsy patients showed small-world attributes, with no significant difference between groups. The epilepsy patient group showed lower nodal local efficiency and nodal clustering coefficient in the right olfactory cortex and right rectus and lower nodal degree centrality in the right olfactory cortex and the left paracentral lobular compared with the healthy control group. In addition, the epilepsy patient group showed a smaller fiber number of edges in specific regions of the frontal lobe, temporal lobe, and default mode network, indicating reduced connection strength.DiscussionEpilepsy patients exhibited lower global and local brain network properties as well as reduced white matter fiber connectivity in key brain regions. These findings further support the idea that epilepsy is a brain network disorder.

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“…This study was a retrospective observational study for TLE and unilateral HS; we did not calculate the exact sample size and enrolled consecutive subjects suitable for criteria within five years. In addition, we tried to estimate the appropriate number of samples based on previous studies, which varied from 12 to 24 [ 5 , 13 ]. We decided the sample size should be over twelve subjects.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chronic seizure activity may alter the diffusion properties of a seizure network. Recently, changes in the white matter network topology and structural connectivity were found in patients with left nonlesional TLE [ 4 , 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in the Brain in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy with Unilateral Hippocampal Sclerosis: An Initial Case Series

Lim

Hong

et al. 2022

Healthcare

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Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is a network disorder of the brain. Network disorders predominately involve dysregulation of hippocampal function caused by neuronal hyperexcitability. However, the relationship between the macro- and microscopic changes in specific brain regions is uncertain. In this study, the pattern of brain atrophy in patients with TLE and hippocampal sclerosis (HS) was investigated using volumetry, and microscopic changes in specific lesions were observed to examine the anatomical correspondence with specific target lesions using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) with statistical parametric mapping (SPM). This retrospective cross-sectional study enrolled 17 patients with TLE and HS. We manually measured the volumes of the hippocampus (HC), amygdala (AMG), entorhinal cortex, fornix, and thalamus (TH) bilaterally. The mean diffusivity and fractional anisotropy of each patient were then quantified and analyzed by a voxel-based statistical correlation method using SPM8. In right TLE with HS, there was no evidence of any abnormal diffusion properties associated with the volume reduction in specific brain regions. In left TLE with HS, there were significant changes in the volumes of the AMG, HC, and TH. Despite the small sample size, these differences in conditions were considered meaningful. Chronic left TLE with HS might cause structural changes in the AMG, HC, and TH, unlike right TLE with HS.

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Cognitive decline and white matter changes in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy

Abstract: Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text

Cited by 13 publications

References 46 publications

Resting‐state brain entropy in right temporal lobe epilepsy and its relationship with alertness

Resting‐state brain entropy in right temporal lobe epilepsy and its relationship with alertness

Brain diffusion tensor imaging reveals altered connections and networks in epilepsy patients

Changes in the Brain in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy with Unilateral Hippocampal Sclerosis: An Initial Case Series

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