“…Studies have been conducted on cognitive complexity and scanning with various American populations (Bieri, 1965(Bieri, , 1971Charlton & Bakan, 1989;Gardner, 1961;Holzman, 1966;Messick & Associates, 1976;Rotter & O'Connell, 1982;Rubin & Henzl, 1984;Schlesinger, 1954). Researchers (Bieri, 1971;Messick & Associates, 1976) defined cognitive complexity as differentiating and interpreting other people's social behavior.…”