Cognitive-Behavioral Treatment of Rape- and War-Related Posttraumatic Stress Disorder With a Female, Bosnian Refugee

Schulz, Priscilla M.; Marovic-Johnson, Davorka; Huber, Laura

doi:10.1177/1534650103262408

Cited by 16 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Finally, both Vickers [41] and Schulz and colleagues [42] report on single case studies of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for rape survivors with PTSD in the UK and USA. Vickers summarizes CBT with an unaccompanied minor from Africa (country not reported) who survived genocide, witnessed her mother’s killing, and survived rape.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Modification of the CPT protocol, applied in 25 sessions over 9 months rather than the standard 12 session protocol, included keeping a dream journal to record a repetitive nightmare during the exposure part of treatment, and the client continued taking an anti-depressant (paroxetine). Scores on the PSS went from 33 (severe PTSD) at pre-treatment, to 11 two months into treatment and 4 at post-treatment [42]. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Without randomization, it is possible that the larger decrease reported in the one study [36] that applied a control condition is a result of observed pre-treatment differences. Moreover, 6 out of 7 studies [37-42] did not apply a control condition, leaving open the possibility that any decrease in symptoms represents natural recovery or regression to the mean [43]. A recent study (published after the dates of this systematic review) concerning a randomized controlled trial of Cognitive Processing Therapy by Bass and colleagues, is the exception.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sexual and gender-based violence in areas of armed conflict: a systematic review of mental health and psychosocial support interventions

et al. 2013

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BackgroundSexual and other forms of gender-based violence are common in conflict settings and are known risk factors for mental health and psychosocial wellbeing. We present findings from a systematic review of the academic and grey literature focused on the effectiveness of mental health and psychosocial support interventions for populations exposed to sexual and other forms of gender-based violence in the context of armed conflicts.MethodsWe searched the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, PubMed/ Medline, psycINFO, and PILOTS, as well as grey literature to search for evaluations of interventions, without date limitations.ResultsOut of 5,684 returned records 189 full text papers were assessed for eligibility. Seven studies met inclusion criteria: 1 non-randomized controlled study; 3 non-controlled pre- post-test designs; 1 retrospective cohort with a matched comparison group; and 2 case studies. Studies were conducted in West and Central Africa; Albania; UK and USA, included female participants, and focused on individual and group counseling; combined psychological, medical, social and economic interventions; and cognitive behavioral therapy (two single case studies).ConclusionsThe seven studies, while very limited, tentatively suggest beneficial effects of mental health and psychosocial interventions for this population, and show feasibility of evaluation and implementation of such interventions in real-life settings through partnerships with humanitarian organizations. Robust conclusions on the effectiveness of particular approaches are not possible on the basis of current evidence. More rigorous research is urgently needed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sexual and gender-based violence in areas of armed conflict: a systematic review of mental health and psychosocial support interventions

et al. 2013

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“…Although there are several case studies of treatment of PTSD from other researchers (Batten & Hayes, 2005;Cigrang, Peterson, & Schobitz, 2005;Davis, De Arellano, Falsetti, & Resnick, 2003;Paunovic, 2002;Pole & Bloomberg-Fretter, 2006;Schulz, Marovic-Johnson, & Huber, 2006;Trzepacz & Luiselli, 2004), no full case studies have been published by Ehlers and Clark's group. As observed above, this has been the standard way of reporting the development of most forms of structured psychological treatment, and leaves an unfortunate lacuna in the literature.…”

Section: Systematic Case Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Collaborative Versus Adversarial Stances in Scientific Discourse: Implications for the Role of Systematic Case Studies in the Development of Evidence-Based Practice in Psychotherapy

Edwards

2007

Pragmatic Case Studies in Psychotherapy

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There is still a need for advocacy in the promotion of case study research because there has been insufficient appreciation of its role as a source of evidence relevant to the development and evaluation of practice in psychotherapy. Distorted use of terms like "gold standard," "anecdotal," and "empirical" in the discourse in which research methodology is typically presented has disempowered the practitioner's perspective and discredited the role of case-based knowledge building. The framework of evidence-based practice (EBP) recognizes the complementarity of different research methods and acknowledges the significance of casebased research. To spell out some of these complementary links, a typology of seven research methods -including both experimental group comparison designs and individual case studiesis proposed and the contribution of each to the development of EBP is set out. Finally some suggestions are made for strategies to promote the publication of high quality case studies.Key words: evidence-based practice; systematic case studies; scientific discourse; clinical knowledge building; randomized control trials (RCTs) There is still a need for advocacy in the promotion of case study research because there has been insufficient appreciation of its role as a source of evidence relevant to the development and evaluation of practice in psychotherapy. Miller and Miller (2005, p. 70) observe that there is considerable inconsistency with respect to the role of evidence and proof in science, and it is not uncommon for authors to shift between two different positions. On the one hand, there is an idealized demand for "objective certainty" in the establishment of absolute truths, which means that "only a narrow range of evidence" can be admitted and very little can be said with confidence. On the other hand, there is the reality of everyday practice within which "[s]ubjective opinions and consensus among scientists often supersede the stricture of irrefutibility" and "scientific standards of proof are not uniform and well-defined."

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“…As well pointed out by Nieves-Grafals: "Refugees are survivors by definition" 13 . They are trauma survivors of a world "in which they have knowledge of the vagaries of miserably bad luck and intimate experiences of evil" 14 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Refugees, resettlement experiences and mental health: a systematic review of case studies

Bulik

Colucci

2019

J. bras. psiquiatr.

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Objective In 2017 the number of refugees around the world reached 25.4 million. These people make up one of the most vulnerable populations globally. This study aims to understand the strategies refugees used to cope with the impact on their mental health by the difficult pre- and post-resettlement circumstances they encountered. Methods A systematic review of articles reporting case studies concerning adult refugees’ experiences in the hosting country. The electronic databases searched were: PubMed, The Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, Embase, Scopus and Web of Science. Eligible manuscripts were examined through a narrative synthesis. Results Twenty-two articles fitted the inclusion criteria and four main themes were highlighted: reasons for fleeing; the impact of negative experiences on mental health; supportive experiences and coping strategies; and experiences of mental health treatment. Conclusions Refugees present a significant impact on mental health due to pre- and post-migration experiences. The approach offered to this group and reported as the most effective to deal with such an impact was the multidimensional approach that, besides caring for the psychic aspects, contemplated the cultural context of each one, assisted in housing, employment, financial aid, support with learning the new language and social activities.

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Cognitive-Behavioral Treatment of Rape- and War-Related Posttraumatic Stress Disorder With a Female, Bosnian Refugee

Cited by 16 publications

References 38 publications

Sexual and gender-based violence in areas of armed conflict: a systematic review of mental health and psychosocial support interventions

Sexual and gender-based violence in areas of armed conflict: a systematic review of mental health and psychosocial support interventions

Collaborative Versus Adversarial Stances in Scientific Discourse: Implications for the Role of Systematic Case Studies in the Development of Evidence-Based Practice in Psychotherapy

Refugees, resettlement experiences and mental health: a systematic review of case studies

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