Cognitive and emotional intelligence in young adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder without an accompanying intellectual or language disorder

Brady, Danielle I.; Saklofske, Donald H.; Schwean, Vicki L.; Montgomery, Janine M.; McCrimmon, Adam W.; Thorne, Keoma J.

doi:10.1016/j.rasd.2014.05.009

Cited by 27 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…These results are intriguing in that they link embodiment with sensory sensitivity and cognitive-affective connectivity of self to others; they thus connect the social-empathic domain of autism with the domain of repetitive behaviors and restricted interests, given strong associations of repetitive behavior with sensory phenomena [139]. Like empathy, higher emotional intelligence has also been associated with stronger rubber hand illusion susceptibility [140], and emotional intelligence is reduced in autism [141, 142].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autism and psychosis as diametrical disorders of embodiment

Crespi

Dinsdale

2019

Evolution, Medicine, and Public Health

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Humans have evolved an elaborate system of self-consciousness, self-identity, self-agency, and self-embodiment that is grounded in specific neurological structures including an expanded insula. Instantiation of the bodily self has been most-extensively studied via the ‘rubber hand illusion’, whereby parallel stimulation of a hidden true hand, and a viewed false hand, leads to the felt belief that the false hand is one’s own. Autism and schizophrenia have both long been regarded as conditions centrally involving altered development of the self, but they have yet to be compared directly with regard to the self and embodiment. Here we synthesize the embodied cognition literature for these and related conditions, and describe evidence that these two sets of disorders exhibit opposite susceptibilities from typical individuals to the rubber hand illusion: reduced on the autism spectrum and increased in schizophrenia and other psychotic-affective conditions. Moreover, the opposite illusion effects are mediated by a consilient set of associated phenomena, including empathy, interoception, anorexia risk and phenotypes, and patterns of genetic correlation. Taken together, these findings: (1) support the diametric model of autism and psychotic-affective disorders, (2) implicate the adaptive human system of self-embodiment, and its neural bases, in neurodevelopmental disorders, and suggest new therapies, and (3) experimentally-ground bayesian predictive coding models with regard to autism compared to psychosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autism and psychosis as diametrical disorders of embodiment

Crespi

Dinsdale

2019

Evolution, Medicine, and Public Health

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“…In future studies it would be therefore interesting to reproduce similar experimental setups with autistic individuals. ASD is associated with lower scores on both empathy (Baron-Cohen & Wheelwright, 2004;Rogers, Dziobek, Hassenstab, Wolf, & Convit, 2007) and emotional intelligence measurements (Brady et al, 2014;Petrides, Hudry, Michalaria, Swami, & Sevdalis, 2011). Comparing the resulting recognition rates of movements performed by autistic persons with those of a control group could be of high interest for the research in nonverbal communication in ASD.…”

Section: Discussion: Interrelations Of Production and Perceptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production and Perception of Whole-Body Movements to Probe the Social Brain

Lammers¹

2019

Preprint

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The mirror neuron system (MNS) and the mentalizing system (MENT) are considered to be key elements of social cognition. The exact roles of the two systems are yet to be clarified. In a new approach to this question, we produced a set of video stimuli to be used in an upcoming functional magnetic resonance imaging study.We used a motion capture recording technique to map genuine human movements onto a virtual character. This yields the big advantage of being free from confounding variables such as age, gender, ethnicity or attractiveness. Furthermore the stimuli are highly controllable and can be manipulated for subsequent studies. The physical properties (e.g. luminance, movement speed) of the resulting video material were assessed with the help of an algorithm. This made it possible to exclude videos with outlier data in the mentioned physical properties. In a further step the remaining videos were rated by naïve volunteers to compute the recognition rates for each video, allowing us to filter out videos that were reliably rated correct. Thus, we generated a highly robust and homogenous set of video stimuli (validation study in preparation) to investigate the social brain (MNS, MENT).This thesis covers the production of the stimuli, the analysis of the movement characteristics and the rating of the videos through naïve volunteers. Additional analyses of correlations between the production (subjective experience and personal characteristics of volunteers during motion capture recordings) and the subsequent perception of these recordings were carried out.Results show no considerable correlation between personal characteristics (BIG5, empathy, emotional intelligence) and subsequent recognition rates. This can be interpreted as an indication that humans are able to recognize different moods from nonverbal behavior of others independently from the personality of the observed individual. However, we found significant correlations between the subjective immersion into a mood and the subsequent recognition rate. This means, the level of immersion into a mood has an impact on the subsequent recognizability when communicated nonverbally to other individuals.

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“…The result is consistent with the findings of the studies conducted by Mazefsky et al (6) showed that ASDs are associated with amplified emotional responses and poor emotional control. Brady et al (10) indicated that young adults with ASDs acquire lower scores than healthy people in total EI, interpersonal, adaptability, stress management, and general mood. Samson et al (11) reported high rates of emotion dysregulation in individuals with ASDs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the weakness in social interaction, communication, and interpersonal skills of autistic individuals links with the defect in EI performances. Emotions are socially useful and can be constructive in transferring feelings, making social interactions, and maintaining or terminating relations with others; therefore, the appraisal, regulation, and utilization of emotions can play an effective role in healing psychological and behavioral disorders such as ASDs (10). The current finding of a negative relationship between EI and ASDs is consistent with the prior studies of social cognition in adults with Asperger's or high-functioning autism that have identified impairments in emotion perception and theory of mind (20,21).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting Autism Spectrum Disorders on the Basis of Emotional Intelligence Among University Students

et al. 2015

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Background: Autism spectrum traits may present in a normal population without interfering with daily functionings. It seems that emotional intelligence (EI) is one of the factors effective in autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). Objectives: This study aimed at predicting ASDs based on EI and its dimensions (i.e. appraisal, utilization, and regulation of emotions) among university students. Patients and Methods: In this descriptive correlational study, 100 students of the Babol Branch, University of Payam Noor, were selected using the voluntary sampling method in the academic year of 2013 -2014. The participants were asked to fill in a questionnaire containing demographic characteristics, the Autism Spectrum Quotient, and the Modified Schutte Emotional Intelligence Scale. The data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 21), Pearson correlation coefficient, and regression analysis. Results:The results showed a significant negative relationship between total EI and all its components (i.e. appraisal, utilization, and regulation of emotions) with ASDs in the students (P < 0.01). The results of the regression analysis indicated that global EI and 2 of its components (i.e. utilization and regulation of emotions) were able to predict the variance in ASDs in the students (P < 0.01). Conclusions: Our findings highlighted the importance of EI and its aspects in ASDs in the university students recruited in the present study. Therefore, improvement in EI and its dimensions can decrease autism symptoms and signs in individuals with ASDs. Overall, the result of this study emphasizes the key role of EI as a plausible health predictor.

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Cognitive and emotional intelligence in young adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder without an accompanying intellectual or language disorder

Cited by 27 publications

References 29 publications

Autism and psychosis as diametrical disorders of embodiment

Autism and psychosis as diametrical disorders of embodiment

Production and Perception of Whole-Body Movements to Probe the Social Brain

Predicting Autism Spectrum Disorders on the Basis of Emotional Intelligence Among University Students

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