Coffee consumption and prostate cancer risk: further evidence for inverse relationship

Abstract

BackgroundHigher consumption of coffee intake has recently been linked with reduced risk of aggressive prostate cancer (PC) incidence, although meta-analysis of other studies that examine the association between coffee consumption and overall PC risk remains inconclusive. Only one recent study investigated the association between coffee intake and grade-specific incidence of PC, further evidence is required to understand the aetiology of aggressive PCs. Therefore, we conducted a prospective study to examine the relationship between coffee intake and overall as well as grade-specific PC risk.MethodsWe conducted a prospective cohort study of 6017 men who were enrolled in the Collaborative cohort study in the UK between 1970 and 1973 and followed up to 31st December 2007. Cox Proportional Hazards Models were used to evaluate the association between coffee consumption and overall, as well as Gleason grade-specific, PC incidence.ResultsHigher coffee consumption was inversely associated with risk of high grade but not with overall risk of PC. Men consuming 3 or more cups of coffee per day experienced 55% lower risk of high Gleason grade disease compared with non-coffee drinkers in analysis adjusted for age and social class (HR 0.45, 95% CI 0.23-0.90, p value for trend 0.01). This association changed a little after additional adjustment for Body Mass Index, smoking, cholesterol level, systolic blood pressure, tea intake and alcohol consumption.ConclusionCoffee consumption reduces the risk of aggressive PC but not the overall risk.

Coffee and Tea Consumption Are Inversely Associated with Mortality in a Multiethnic Urban Population1–3

“…Protective associations have been suggested for particular cancer types in some studies, but the findings have been inconsistent (42). For example, in some, but not all, studies, coffee consumption was inversely associated with colon cancer incidence (43,44), aggressive prostate cancer (45), and bladder cancer (46). Although our findings were consistent with a possible protection against cancer mortality among those who drank $2 cups/d of tea, more research is required before any strong conclusions can be made (25,(47)(48)(49)(50)(51).…”

Coffee consumption and risk of prostate cancer: an up-to-date meta-analysis

“…[5][6][7][28][29][30][31][32]38 The results from the subgroup analysis showed a strong inverse association between coffee consumption and fatal or high-grade prostate cancer risk, suggesting that coffee may be implicated in preventing progression of prostate cancer. A recent study indicated that higher prediagnostic coffee consumption was associated with a lower risk of prostate cancer recurrence/progression.…”

“…[5][6][7]11,12,[21][22][23][24][25][26][29][30][31][33][34][35]38 Statistically significant departure from linearity was found for all studies (P ¼ 0.04; Figure 3a), but not for cohort studies (P ¼ 0.07; Figure 3b) and case-control studies (P ¼ 0.38). A 2 cups/day increment in coffee consumption level conferred an RR of 0.97 (95% CI ¼ 0.94-1.01) for overall result, 0.93 (95% CI ¼ 0.88-0.99) for cohort studies and 1.04 (95% CI ¼ 1.00-1.08) for case-control studies.…”

Dietary Antioxidants and Prostate Cancer: A Review

“…In an analysis of the Health Professionals Follow-up Study, coffee consumption was found to be inversely associated with lethal, but not non-advanced or low grade prostate cancer, and men who drank six or more cups of coffee per day had a lower risk of overall prostate cancer (RR 0.40, 95% CI 0.22 to 0.75) [62]. Similarly, in a prospective cohort study from the UK [63], coffee drinking was found to be inversely associated with risk of high grade prostate cancer (HR 0.45, 95% CI, 0.23–0.90; p(trend)=0.01), but not overall risk of the disease. However, a population-based case study showed no association between coffee consumption and aggressive prostate cancer [64].…”