Coexistência entre Turdus leucomelas Vieillot, 1818 e Turdus rufiventris Vieillot, 1818 (Aves: Passeriformes) em um fragmento urbano de floresta com araucárias, Sul do Brasil

Vogel, Huilquer Francisco; Zawadzki, Cláudio Henrique; Metri, Rafael

doi:10.1590/s1676-06032011000300002

Cited by 9 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…The morphological proximity among the species can provide a convergence in habitat occupation and therefore a niche overlap (Cody 1974, Putman 1996. According to Vogel et al (2011a) there is some possibility of competitive edge between T. rufiventris and T. leucomelas due to the higher trophic niche breadth of T. rufiventris. Therefore, studies taking into account the sharing of breeding sites are essential to explain the dynamics of species abundance throughout the seasons.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Occurrence of thrushes in an urban fragment of Araucaria forest in southern Brazil

2012

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Seasonal segregation among syntopic species can be viewed as one of the available strategies for coexistence, reducing competitive process. The present work therefore aimed to interpret the assemblage structures comprising birds of the genus Turdus (Turdidae), through the analysis of seasonal variation in the species occurrence in a forest remnant located in the southcenter State of Paraná. Mist-netting was employed twice a month for capturing birds, totalling an annual effort of 7488 h.m². The frequency of occurrence, constancy and class of species dominance was determined, together with the parameters generally used in studies of ecological communities (richness, abundance, diversity and evenness). A total of 162 individuals were captured, representing five species. Turdus rufiventris was the most constant and frequent species. Turdus amaurochalinus and Turdus leucomelas were captured with variable constancies and frequencies along the seasons. Turdus amaurochalinus was also very common and may present an overlapping process between migrant and non-migrant individuals during spring. Turdus albicolis was considered accessory, whereas Turdus subalaris was only registered during the reproductive period. Hence, it was possible to observe that seasonal modifications occurred both in the frequency of occurrence and in the constancy and dominance of species. These results indicated the possibility of a lower use of the environment during the breeding season, as well as the presence of a higher number of individuals in summer and increased abundance of Turdus rufiventris and T. leucomelas during autumn and winter.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies on interactions that allow the coexistence of turdid species have been conducted by Gasperin &Pizo (2009) andVogel et al (2011a). These studies suggest a high level of overlap in the feeding habit of these species, which may enhance competition processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of thrushes in an urban fragment of Araucaria forest in southern Brazil

2012

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“…A espécie T. rufiventris ocorre naturalmente em áreas abertas e fragmentos florestais, hábitats semelhantes aos de T. leucomelas (Collar 2005). Vogel et al (2011) demonstraram regionalmente que a espécie de maior tamanho (T. rufiventris) apresentou maior variação morfológica do que T. leucomelas. Foi constatada, também naquele trabalho, maior amplitude de nicho trófico da primeira espécie em relação à segunda, o que garantiria uma melhor eficiência na competição interespecífica pelos recursos, sugerindo uma influência da morfologia em processos de competição interespecífica.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Contudo, esta última espécie ocupa estes hábitats somente durante migrações pelo Paraná, ocupando florestas ombrófilas e estacionais (Sigrist 2006). Ridgely & Tudor (2001) afirmam que T. amaurochalinus Variações na massa das espécies capturadas neste estudo, em relação aos demais trabalhos, poderiam ser justificadas em função da concentração de capturas de turdídeos no PMA durante o período de outono e inverno (veja Vogel et al 2011). Neste período, os indivíduos tendem a acumular gordura, preparando-se para o período invernal (King 1972).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

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Similaridade morfológica entre turdídeos sintópicos em um parque urbano na Região Sul do Brasil

Vogel¹,

Miranda²,

Zawadzki³

et al. 2012

Sitientibus sér. Ci. Biol.

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Resumo -A sobreposição morfológica é um importante atributo para a interpretação de processos de competição interespecífica. Neste sentido, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o grau de sobreposição morfológica entre cinco espécies de turdídeos (Turdus rufiventris, T. albicollis, T. leucomelas, T. amaurochalinus e T. subalaris) sintópicos em um fragmento urbano de Floresta Ombrófila Mista Montana no município de Guarapuava, Centro-sul do Paraná. As aves foram capturadas em redes de neblina. Aferições biométricas foram realizadas nos exemplares. Posteriormente, foram efetuadas análises de similaridade e ordenações multivariadas. A análise MANOVA indicou uma separação morfológica entre as espécies F (24, 482) = 17,8; P < 0,0001. Entretanto, o teste post hoc indicou que não houve separação estatística entre T. albicollis e T. subalaris. Os resultados do índice de similaridade indicaram que as espécies mais semelhantes desta taxocenose são T. leucomelas e T. rufiventris (0,987). Turdus albicollis e T. subalaris também apresentaram alta similaridade (0,983). Apesar das espécies serem muito semelhantes morfologicamente, existem indicativos de mecanismos ecológicos que permitem a coexistência delas, como padrões distintos de ocorrência e utilização diferenciada do hábitat. Palavras-chave adicionais: biometria, coexistência, Turdus.Abstract (Morphological similarity between syntopic thrushes in an urban park in southern Brazil) -Morphological overlap is an important attribute to understand processes of interspecific competition. In this sense, the objective of this study was to evaluate the degree of morphological overlap between five syntopic thrushes species (Turdus rufiventris, T. albicollis, T. leucomelas, T. amaurochalinus and T. subalaris) in an urban fragment of Araucaria Forest in Guarapuava, central-southern region of Paraná State. Birds were captured through mist-nets. Biometric measurements were performed in the birds and subsequently analyses of similarity and multivariate ordinations were also performed. The MANOVA analysis indicated separation among species F (24, 482) = 17.8; P < 0.0001. However, post hoc test showed no statistical separation between T. albicollis and T. subalaris. The similarity index results indicated that the most similar species that integrate the taxocenose are T. leucomelas and T. rufiventris (0.987). Turdus subalaris and T. albicollis also showed high similarity values (0.983). Although the species are morphologically very similar, there are indications of ecological mechanisms that allow their coexistence, such as distinct patterns of occurrence and differential use of habitat.

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Trophic niche similarities of sympatric Turdus thrushes determined by fecal contents, stable isotopes, and bipartite network approaches

Bosenbecker

Bugoni

2020

Ecology and Evolution

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An ecological niche has been defined as an n‐dimensional hypervolume formed by conditions and resources that species need to survive, grow, and reproduce. In practice, such niche dimensions are measurable and describe how species share resources, which has been thought to be a crucial mechanism for coexistence and a major driver of broad biodiversity patterns. Here, we investigate resource partitioning and trophic interactions of three sympatric, phylogenetically related and morphologically similar species of thrushes (Turdus spp.). Based on one year of data collected in southern Brazil, we investigated niche partitioning using three approaches: diet and trophic niche assessed by fecal analysis, diet and niche estimated by stable isotopes in blood and mixing models, and bipartite network analysis derived from direct diet and mixing model outputs. Approaches revealed that the three sympatric thrushes are generalists that feed on similar diets, demonstrating high niche overlap. Fruits from C3 plants were one of the most important food items in their networks, with wide links connecting the three thrush species. Turdus amaurochalinus and T. albicollis had the greatest trophic and isotopic niche overlap, with 90% and 20% overlap, respectively. There was partitioning of key resources between these two species, with a shared preference for fig tree fruits—Ficus cestrifolia (T. amaurochalinus PSIRI% = 11.3 and T. albicollis = 11.5), which was not present in the diet of T. rufiventris. Results added a new approach to the network analysis based on values from the stable isotope mixing models, allowing comparisons between traditional dietary analysis and diet inferred by isotopic mixing models, which reflects food items effectively assimilated in consumer tissues. Both are visualized in bipartite networks and show food‐consumers link strengths. This approach could be useful to other studies using stable isotopes coupled to network analysis, particularly useful in sympatric species with similar niches.

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Coexistência entre Turdus leucomelas Vieillot, 1818 e Turdus rufiventris Vieillot, 1818 (Aves: Passeriformes) em um fragmento urbano de floresta com araucárias, Sul do Brasil

Cited by 9 publications

References 25 publications

Occurrence of thrushes in an urban fragment of Araucaria forest in southern Brazil

Occurrence of thrushes in an urban fragment of Araucaria forest in southern Brazil

Similaridade morfológica entre turdídeos sintópicos em um parque urbano na Região Sul do Brasil

Trophic niche similarities of sympatric Turdus thrushes determined by fecal contents, stable isotopes, and bipartite network approaches

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