Coexistence of primary erythema migrans and erythema multiforme in early Lyme disease

Sachan, Sonal; Bamola, V Deepak; Pathania, Shruti; Suvirya, Swastika; Verma, Parul; Reddy, Himanshu; Malhotra, Kiran Preet; Vinayaraj, E V

doi:10.25259/ijdvl_53_2021

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…LB could be also transmitted in India by Ixodes acutitarsus, I. himalayensis, I. kashmericus, where cases of erythema migrans with positive serology and cases of neuroborreliosis have been reported. Borrelia yangtzensis was also found in Ixodes granulatus in Malaysia [37][38][39].…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 92%

Borrelia Lyme Group

Trevisan¹,

Cinco²

2022

J Dermatol Res Rev Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Borreliaceae is a family of the phylum Spirochaetales and includes two genera, Borrelia and Cristispira genus. Borrelia genus is divided into three groups, namely Lyme group (LG), Echidna‐Reptile group (REPG) and Relapsing Fever group (RFG). All Borrelia species have an obligate parasitic lifestyle, as they depend on their hosts for most of their nutritional needs. Borreliæ are transmitted among vertebrate hosts by arthropod vectors (ticks and lice). Transtadial transmission within their carriers occurs for the Borreliæ RF Group, while this does not (or rarely occurs) for the Borreliæ Lyme Group.

show abstract

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 92%

Borrelia Lyme Group

Trevisan¹,

Cinco²

2022

J Dermatol Res Rev Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[ 2 ] In India, cases of Lyme disease including those with Lyme disease–associated monoarthritis and neuroretinitis have been reported from Himachal Pradesh, Haryana, Bihar, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, and parts of south India. [ 4 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 ] Praharaj et al . [ 18 ] also reported Borrelia positive seroprevalence in 13% of the population in Indian northeastern states.…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Lyme disease: An overview

Mahajan

2023

Indian Dermatol Online J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Lyme disease, a tick-borne multisystem disease, is caused by spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi (sensu lato) . It is a common illness in temperate countries, especially the United States, but the incidence is increasing across continents due to increasing reforestation, travel and adventure tourism, increased intrusion in the vector habitat, and changing habitat of the vector. Transmission primarily occurs via bite of an infected tick ( Ixodes spp.). The appearance of an erythema migrans rash following a tick bite is diagnostic of early Lyme disease even without laboratory evidence. Borrelia lymphocytoma and acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans along with multisystem involvement occur in late disseminated and chronic stages. A two-step serologic testing protocol using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) followed by confirmation of positive and equivocal results by Western immunoblot is recommended for the diagnosis. Transplacental transmission to infant occurs in the first trimester with possible congenital Lyme disease making treatment imperative during antenatal period. The treatment is most effective in the early stages of the disease, whereas rheumatological, neurological, or other late manifestations remain difficult to treat with antibiotics alone. Treatment with oral doxycycline is preferred for its additional activity against other tick-borne illnesses which may occur concurrently in 10%–15% of cases. New-generation cephalosporins and azithromycin are alternative options in patients with doxycycline contraindications. No vaccine is available and one episode of the disease will not confer life-long immunity; thus, preventive measures remain a priority. The concept of post–Lyme disease syndrome versus chronic Lyme disease remains contested for want of robust evidence favoring benefits of prolonged antibiotic therapy.

show abstract

Coexistence of primary erythema migrans and erythema multiforme in early Lyme disease

Cited by 2 publications

References 9 publications

Borrelia Lyme Group

Borrelia Lyme Group

Lyme disease: An overview

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About