Coexistence of High-Bit-Rate Quantum Key Distribution and Data on Optical Fiber

Patel, Kanak; Dynes, J. F.; Choi, Iris; Sharpe, A. W.; Dixon, A. R.; Zhong, Yuan; Penty, R.V.; Shields, A. J.

doi:10.1103/physrevx.2.041010

Cited by 178 publications

(194 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(46 reference statements)

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“…Operation of single photon sources in the standard Oband (∼1310 nm) and C-band (∼1550 nm) telecommunication windows provides much lower losses and compatibility with existing optical-fiber-based communication infrastructures. [21,22] Over the past decade, progress has been made in increasing the emission wavelength of QD devices from the near infrared to standard telecom wavelengths, [23][24][25] including the direct generation of single entangled photon pairs in the telecom O-band. [26] To date, there is no reported interference measurement with this new class of quantum light emitter.…”

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confidence: 99%

Interference with a quantum dot single-photon source and a laser at telecom wavelength

Felle

Huwer

Stevenson

et al. 2015

Applied Physics Letters

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The interference of photons emitted by dissimilar sources is an essential requirement for a wide range of photonic quantum information applications. Many of these applications are in quantum communications and need to operate at standard telecommunication wavelengths to minimize the impact of photon losses and be compatible with existing infrastructure. Here we demonstrate for the first time the quantum interference of telecom-wavelength photons from an InAs/GaAs quantum dot single-photon source and a laser; an important step towards such applications. The results are in good agreement with a theoretical model, indicating a high degree of indistinguishability for the interfering photons.Single-photon sources are essential components for many photonic quantum information technologies, ranging from linear-optics quantum computation [1] to teleportation of quantum bits [2] and large scale quantum networks.[3] The interference of two independently generated photon states on a beam splitter is an important physical mechanism required for the realization of most of these schemes.Apart from the common implementation with two identical single photons, [4] Of even greater immediate importance are applications related to quantum communication and quantum key distribution [8,9] (QKD), the most developed technology based on photonic quantum bits. The most widely implemented scheme for QKD makes use of weak coherent laser pulses.[10] Interference of these states with single photons from an entangled pair to perform a Bell-state measurement thereby enables quantum teleportation. This * jan.huwer@crl.toshiba.co.uk opens up the route to develop a so-called quantum relay [11] or all-photonic quantum repeater, [12] indispensable to reduce noise and extend the transmission distances in future networks that are strongly limited by photon losses in optical fiber. More generally, recent theoretical studies [13] have shown that, for limited experimental resources, a hybrid approach for the teleportation of continuous variable systems by using discrete single-photon entangled states is expected to have significant advantages over its continuous-variable counterpart. The interference between dissimilar photon sources is thereby of great interest both for fundamental science and a large number of technological applications.Most experiments demonstrated so far have been performed with heralded single photon sources based on non-linear optical processes. [5,6,14] These sources obey Poissonian statistics, intrinsically deteriorating the single-photon character and making them non-desirable for certain applications. More recently, quantum dots (QDs) based on III-V semiconductor compounds have proven to be one of the most promising sub-Poissonian sources, generating deterministic single photons as well as entangled photon pairs. [15][16][17][18] In the past, these systems have been successfully used to demonstrate interference of single photons with emission from a laser [19] and subsequently the teleportation of laser-generated qubits.[20] ...

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confidence: 99%

Interference with a quantum dot single-photon source and a laser at telecom wavelength

Felle

Huwer

Stevenson

et al. 2015

Applied Physics Letters

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“…As proposed in [18], using an NBF at the entrance of the quantum receiver limits the background noise to some extent. Moreover, time-gating the detectors, i.e., only activating the photodetectors when a signal is present, further reduces the background photon count.…”

Section: Conventional Techniques For Crosstalk Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Then, the Raman noise power induced by the n th forward and backward channels, respectively, on the m th quantum channel, is given by [15], [18]:…”

Section: System Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another source of crosstalk is the power leakage from nearby data channels onto the QKD ones, which can occur due to the nonideal operation of DWDM multiplexers and demultiplexers. One conventional approach to reduce such a background noise is the usage of filtering techniques in frequency and time domains [18], [19]. Another effective method is the optimization of the launch power at the classical transmitters to meet the receiver sensitivity requirements for a target bit error rate (BER).…”

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Crosstalk Reduction in Hybrid Quantum-Classical Networks

2016

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In this paper, we propose and investigate several crosstalk reduction techniques for hybrid quantum-classical densewavelength-division-multiplexing systems. The transmission of intense classical signals alongside weak quantum ones on the same fiber introduces some crosstalk noise, mainly due to Raman scattering and nonideal channel isolation, that may severely affect the performance of quantum key distribution systems. We examine the conventional methods of suppressing this crosstalk noise, and enhance them by proposing an appropriate channel allocation method that reduces the background crosstalk effectively. Another approach proposed in this paper is the usage of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, which offers efficient spectral and temporal filtering features.

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“…The impact of the Raman scattered light can be severe, because its spectrum can overlap with the frequency band of QKD channels, and, accordingly, it would increase the error probability at the QKD receivers. The impact of this noise can be mitigated [12]- [14], and even maximally reduced [16], but it cannot be fully suppressed. Our system would also confront another challenge due to the background noise and loss in indoor environments [8], [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum-Classical Access Networks with Embedded Optical Wireless Links

Elmabrok

Razavi

2016

2016 IEEE Globecom Workshops (GC Wkshps)

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Abstract-We examine the applicability of wireless indoor quantum key distribution (QKD) in hybrid quantum-classical networks. We propose practical configurations that would enable wireless access to such networks. The proposed scenarios would allow an indoor wireless user, equipped with a QKD-enabled mobile device, to communicate securely with a remote party on the other end of the access network. QKD signals, sent through wireless indoor channels, are combined with classical ones and sent over the same fiber link to the remote user. Dense wavelength-division multiplexing would enable the simultaneous transmission of quantum and classical signals over the same fiber. We consider the adverse effects of the background noise induced by Raman scattered light on the QKD receivers due to such an integration. In addition, we consider the loss and the background noise that arise from indoor environments. Decoy-state BB84 and measurement-device-independent protocols are employed for the secret key rate analysis.Index Terms-Quantum key distribution (QKD), BB84, decoy states, measurement-device-independent QKD (MDI-QKD), optical wireless communications (OWC).

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Coexistence of High-Bit-Rate Quantum Key Distribution and Data on Optical Fiber

Cited by 178 publications

References 31 publications

Interference with a quantum dot single-photon source and a laser at telecom wavelength

Interference with a quantum dot single-photon source and a laser at telecom wavelength

Crosstalk Reduction in Hybrid Quantum-Classical Networks

Quantum-Classical Access Networks with Embedded Optical Wireless Links

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