Codling moth areawide integrated pest management.

Abstract

The 5-year CAMP (Codling Moth [Cydia pomonella] Areawide Management Program) was the first of the areawide programmes initiated by USDA. The goal of this programme was to implement, assess, research and educate the industry about promising new IPM technologies. CAMP was highly successful in fuelling the rapid adoption of a new paradigm in orchard pest management that resulted in significant reductions in fruit injury using nearly 80% less broad-spectrum insecticides. Several factors have contributed to the success of the CAMP programme. These can be grouped into two categories: (i) operational - the availability of several effective and selective tactics for both the key and secondary pests backed by technical support; and (ii) organizational - well-funded, coordinated programmes directly involving growers, researchers, industry leaders and governmental administrators. The lesson learned from the CAMP programme is that pest management is similar to rocket science and requires attention, experience and skill to be effective. Dissemination of knowledge and coordination of actions by individual growers have been shown to improve pest management, and offer tremendous benefits to society. Future efforts should focus on how similar, grower-based organizations can be developed and sustained.

Effect of the use of anti‐hail nets on codling moth (Cydia pomonella) and organoleptic quality of apple (cv. Braeburn) grown in Alto Adige Region (northern Italy)

“…11 Control of codling moth relies largely on mating disruption and insecticides. 12 The use of anti-hail nets can modify the orchard microclimate and reduce the interception of light. The effect of anti-hail net on air temperature is confined to a reduction ranging from less than 1 ∘ C 5 to 3 ∘ C. 1,2 Peano et al 13 did not find any clear temperature effect associated with the use of nets.…”

“…Economic losses associated with the incidence of codling moth are significant . Control of codling moth relies largely on mating disruption and insecticides …”

Addition of terpenoids to pear ester plus acetic acid increases catches of codling moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

“…Effective monitoring for codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.), the key worldwide pest of pome fruits ( Malus domestica [Borkhausen], and Pyrus spp. ), is a cornerstone of integrated management programmes incorporating well‐timed insecticides and the use of sex pheromones for mating disruption (MD) (Knight, ). The sex pheromone of codling moth, ( E,E )‐8,10‐dodecadien‐1‐ol (codlemone), is widely used as a lure in traps to track seasonal dynamics of codling moth in conventional and MD orchards (Gut & Brunner, ; Riedl, Howell, McNally, & Westigard, ).…”

Potential for Using Acetic Acid Plus Pear Ester Combination Lures to Monitor Codling Moth in an SIT Program

“…During the 1990s, several area-wide programmes to manage codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), were implemented in commercial apple production areas of western North America [1]. Whereas pheromone-based mating disruption (MD) was the basis of these programmes in the United States [2], in Canada, the area-wide pest management paradigm was founded on previously developed sterile insect technology (SIT).…”