Cocaine craving: An evaluation across treatment phases

Bordnick, Patrick S.; Schmitz, Joy M.

doi:10.1016/s0899-3289(99)80136-9

Cited by 43 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Research suggests that cue-related cocaine craving involves the activation of a network of cortical regions involved in the engagement of attention and that the subsequent ruminations also involve the frontoparietal network seen in WM rehearsal (Grant et al, 1996;Maas et al, 1998;Childress et al, 1999;Garavan et al, 2000;Kilts et al, 2001). Although the relationship between craving for cocaine and relapse during abstinence is less than straightforward (Miller and Gold, 1994;Bordnick and Schmitz, 1998;Weiss et al, 2001), users typically report that cravings occur before and during the period of highly ritualized and automatic drug-taking behavior that results from an impulse of unknown origin (Miller and Gold, 1994). The results of the present study suggest that the effects of cocaine on brain regions critical to cognitive control may directly contribute to the vulnerability of chronic users to these impulsive and automatic behaviors, particularly during periods of craving for the drug.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Executive Dysfunction in Cocaine Addiction: Evidence for Discordant Frontal, Cingulate, and Cerebellar Activity

Hester¹,

Garavan²

2004

J. Neurosci.

601

391

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Using a GO-NOGO response inhibition task in which working memory (WM) demands can be varied, we demonstrate that the compromised abilities of cocaine users to exert control over strong prepotent urges are associated with reduced activity in anterior cingulate and right prefrontal cortices, two regions thought to be critical for implementing cognitive control. Furthermore, unlike drug-naive controls, and opposite to the anterior cingulate pattern, cocaine users showed an over-reliance on the left cerebellum, a compensatory pattern previously seen in alcohol addiction. The results indicate that cocaine users find it difficult to inhibit their own actions, particularly when WM demands, which have been shown previously to increase during cue-induced craving for the drug, are increased. The results reveal a neuroanatomical basis for this dysexecutive component to addiction, supporting the suggested importance cognitive functions may play in prolonging abuse or predisposing users toward relapse.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Executive Dysfunction in Cocaine Addiction: Evidence for Discordant Frontal, Cingulate, and Cerebellar Activity

Hester¹,

Garavan²

2004

J. Neurosci.

601

391

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“…Studies examining the predictive utility of cocaine craving for cocaine use have yielded mixed findings (25)(26)(27). A recent analysis, which compared four psychosocial treatments for cocaine dependence, examined the relationship between weekly measured cocaine craving and cocaine use behavior (28).…”

Section: Cocaine Withdrawal Symptoms and Cocaine Cravingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment Outcome Predictors for Cocaine Dependence

Poling

Kosten

Sofuoglu

2007

The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse

118

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Over the past decade, a large number of potential medications have been examined in clinical trials for cocaine dependence. Unfortunately, no effective pharmacotherapies for cocaine dependence have been found to date. Although effective treatments for cocaine dependence are still being investigated, a few variables have been found to significantly predict cocaine treatment response. These variables include cocaine use variables, such as days of cocaine use in the month before treatment, baseline urine cocaine results, and cocaine withdrawal symptoms. Comorbid depression and alcohol use have also been shown to be risk factors for relapse. Among personality variables, impulsivity and similar personality traits may predict treatment response. Initial promising findings with genetic polymorphism, brain activation, and stress response have also been found and need to be replicated in future studies.

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“…Therefore, the vaccine is not expected immediately to target cocaine craving. Interestingly, ratings of craving increase significantly from inpatient to outpatient treatment, but cocaine-abstinent individuals report lower craving across outpatient treatment and follow-up compared to moderate and heavy cocaine users (Bordnick and Schmitz 1998). Based on these considerations, it is postulated that treatment with the cocaine vaccine may eventually help ease cocaine craving and prevent relapse if it extinguishes cocaine use.…”

Section: Food Self-administration Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Time course of changes in cocaine self-administration behavior in rats during immunization with the cocaine vaccine IPC-1010

Kantak

Collins

Bond³

et al. 2000

Psychopharmacology

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These findings suggest that the reductions in drug-seeking behavior and drug intake after immunization with IPC-1010 did not result from a reduced ability of the rats to respond on the lever. Furthermore, daily exposure to cocaine during the immunization period did not influence the ability of the vaccine to reduce cocaine self-administration behavior that emerged gradually over time. These findings also confirm the need for a sufficiently high antibody level to blunt the reinforcing effects of cocaine.

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Cocaine craving: An evaluation across treatment phases

Cited by 43 publications

References 21 publications

Executive Dysfunction in Cocaine Addiction: Evidence for Discordant Frontal, Cingulate, and Cerebellar Activity

Executive Dysfunction in Cocaine Addiction: Evidence for Discordant Frontal, Cingulate, and Cerebellar Activity

Treatment Outcome Predictors for Cocaine Dependence

Time course of changes in cocaine self-administration behavior in rats during immunization with the cocaine vaccine IPC-1010

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