Cobertura da avaliação do estado nutricional no Sistema de Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional brasileiro: 2008 a 2013

Abstract

Resumo: Este estudo tenciona descrever e analisar a cobertura nacional da avaliação do estado nutricional da população usuária de serviços públicos de saúde registrada no Sistema de Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional Web SISVAN), entre 2008 e 2013. Trata-se de um estudo ecológico com dados secundários de sistemas de informação. Os indicadores construídos foram: percentuais de cadastramento e utilização; cobertura total e de dados provenientes do Programa Bolsa Família, corrigidos pela população usuária do Sistema Único de Saúde SUS) e descritos segundo as Unidades da Federação UF), macrorregiões e/ou fases do curso da vida. A análise foi realizada por meio de estatística descritiva, regressão linear para a estimativa da variação temporal e correlação de Spearman entre a cobertura total e variáveis sociodemográficas e de saúde. Entre 2008 e 2013, mais de 99% dos municípios possuíam indivíduos) cadastrados) e acompanhados) no sistema e as maiores frequências e variações totais de cobertura foram alcançadas no Nordeste e Norte. A cobertura nacional variou de 9,78% a 14,92%, com tendência estatisticamente significativa de aumento. O maior volume de informações advém de crianças e adolescentes. A participação do Programa Bolsa Família no SISVAN passou de 57,17% para 85,78% dos dados. O Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano Municipal e o Produto Interno Bruto per capita das UF mostraram-se inversamente correlacionados à cobertura, e as equipes de saúde da família, positivamente. Os resultados apontam para uma cobertura ainda baixa para um sistema que se pretende universal. Observa-se aumento significativo da cobertura no período e desvelam-se fatores relacionados a esse aumento.

Nutritional status coverage trend registered in the SISVAN web in seven municipalities of the Zona Da Mata Mineira, Brazil, from 2008 to 2017, and its association with socio-economic, demographic and organisation of health system variables

“…A substantial increase in the follow-up of pregnant women was observed across all municipalities as a result of the greater attention given to prenatal and anthropometric data collection during prenatal care (21) . The reference value for this group was estimated based on the number of live births and the population of childbearing age in the year in question, since there was no reference value determined for this group (15) . As a result of this estimate, the proportion of pregnant women with nutritional status coverage superseded tha in 2014 and 2015.…”

“…Finally, no significant difference in the coverage of nutritional status was found when there was an increase in GDP; this finding indicated that the incorporation of VAN practices into daily health services did not depend exclusively on the availability of financial resources, but also other aspects such as better organisation of nutritional care and better structuring of primary care services. The political commitment to public health and SUS by managers and professionals responsible for food and nutrition actions in the territories is also a relevant aspect in this reorganisation (15) , and should include policies aimed at permanent education and the valourisation of professionals with decision-making roles in the territories.…”

“…For all groups but that of pregnant women, coverage was calculated by dividing the number of individuals in each age group registered with nutritional status in the SISVAN web during the study period by the total resident population of the same age group in the same period and multiplying by 100. Because of the lack of census and DATASUS data for the number of pregnant women, this estimate was calculated by the proposal of Nascimento (15) , which used the SINASC database. The number of live births from the previous year was used, plus 10 % (which referred to losses due to abortions and underreporting) and multiplied by the percentage of the female population of childbearing age (10-49 years).…”

“…In Brazil, the population and geographical coverage of the Food and Nutrition Surveillance System (Sistema Nacional de Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional; SISVAN) is still low (11)(12)(13) . Research so far has identified only the use of the system in order to receive resources for care programmes (14) , as well as the underutilisation of SISVAN information within the scope of the Basic Management of Basic Health, as identified by the Unified Health System (Sistema Único de Saúde; SUS) (15) .…”

Cobertura da avaliação do consumo alimentar no Sistema de Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional Brasileiro: 2008 a 2013

“…At present, the main example that the connection between actions or programs and monitoring could stimulate the implementation of SISVAN is the monitoring of health conditionalities of PBF participants, given that most of the data on nutritional status of SISVAN come from the program 45 .…”