Coaxially Fabricated Dual‐Drug Loading Electrospinning Fibrous Mat with Programmed Releasing Behavior to Boost Vascularized Bone Regeneration

Abstract

In clinical treatment, the bone regeneration of critical‐size defects is desiderated to be solved, and the regeneration of large bone segment defects depends on early vascularization. Therefore, overcoming insufficient vascularization in artificial bone grafts may be a promising strategy for critical‐size bone regeneration. Herein, a novel dual‐drug programmed releasing electrospinning fibrous mat (EFM) with a deferoxamine (DFO)‐loaded shell layer and a dexamethasone (DEX)‐loaded core layer is fabricated using coaxial electrospinning technology, considering the temporal sequence of vascularization and bone repair. DFO acts as an angiogenesis promoter and DEX is used as an osteogenesis inducer. The results demonstrate that the early and rapid release of DFO promotes angiogenesis in human umbilical vascular endothelial cells and the sustained release of DEX enhances the osteogenic differentiation of rat bone mesenchymal stem cells. DFO and DEX exert synergetic effects on osteogenic differentiation via the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway, and the dual‐drug programmed releasing EFM acquired perfect vascularized bone regeneration ability in a rat calvarial defect model. Overall, the study suggests a low‐cost strategy to enhance vascularized bone regeneration by adjusting the behavior of angiogenesis and osteogenesis in time dimension.

Advanced strategies of scaffolds design for bone regeneration

“…As shown in Figure 5a, a scaffold consisting of an electrospun PCL fiber sheath and an alginate saline gel core that carried plasmid DNA encoding bone morphogenetic protein 2 (pBMP2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (pVEGF), respectively, was fabricated. Figure 5b shows [78] Copyright 2022, Wiley-VCH. (e) Schematic illustration of incorporating NIR-responsive microsphere into a thermos-responsive hydrogel for the sequential release of aspirin and BMP-2.…”

In Situ Biomimetic Mineralization of Bone-Like Hydroxyapatite in Hydrogel for the Acceleration of Bone Regeneration

“…In the process of bone regrowth, adequate blood supply plays a vital role in the supplementation of nutrients, growth factors, and oxygen for tissue repair. , Angiogenic proteins in PECM are considered to promote angiogenesis . In addition, the early release of Ca 2+ from HAP stimulates the cellular secretion of vascular-related cytokines and contributes to the adhesion and proliferation of endothelial cells. , To explore the angiogenic function of BOH, tube formation experiments with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were used to assess angiogenic capacity.…”

Endogenous Electric Field‐Coupled PD@BP Biomimetic Periosteum Promotes Bone Regeneration through Sensory Nerve via Fanconi Anemia Signaling Pathway

“…At present, there are some studies on the effect of biomimetic periosteum on bone regeneration, [55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62] but there are still few studies on the electroactive biomimetic periosteum to promote the neurogenic bone regeneration.…”