Coaxial and waveguide microcalorimeters for RF and microwave power standards

Chung, Nak Sam; Shin, Jeong-Hun; Bayer, H; Honigbaum, R.

doi:10.1109/19.192327

Cited by 48 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 6 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The EE parameter is known as the ratio of the power sensor’s output power to the consumed power in the power sensor. The EE parameter is obtained in the calibration performed with the primary level micro-calorimeter system [ 7 , 8 , 9 ]. The CF parameter is known as the ratio of the power sensor’s output power to the input power of the power sensor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Analyzing the Automatic Power Level Control Effect of a Signal Generator in RF Power Sensor Calibration by a Direct Comparison Transfer Method and a Millimeter Wave Application

Danaci

2024

Sensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Most calibration laboratories prefer the Direct Comparison Transfer Method (DCTM) for a reliable and accurate calibration of power sensors in the radio frequency (RF) scope. Most studies suggest using this calibration method, with its automatic power level control (APLC) of RF signal generators. The APLC is preferred to keep the output power level of the signal generator the same, while the power sensor is calibrated and the reference power sensor is connected to the measurement system. The known APLC mechanisms are also explained for the DCTM, and a comparison of the calibration factor values carried out with and without the automatic power level control process in the DCTM is also given in this study. RF power sensor calibrations with coaxial and waveguide connector types are examined with DCTM in this study as well. This study shows that the DCTM, unless with APLC, should be applied for the waveguide power sensor’s calibration at millimeter wave frequencies.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The CF parameter is known as the ratio of the power sensor’s output power to the input power of the power sensor. The comparative calibration methods obtain the calibration factor of power sensor [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ]. The relation between the CF and the EE is given in Equation (1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analyzing the Automatic Power Level Control Effect of a Signal Generator in RF Power Sensor Calibration by a Direct Comparison Transfer Method and a Millimeter Wave Application

Danaci

2024

Sensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Moreover, the effective efficiency has been calculated also for the thermoelectric sensor by modifying the microcalorimeter measurement, particularly for the coaxial type (Vollmer et al, 1994). Nevertheless, due to the thermoelectric principle and the nature of waveguides, the effective efficiency cannot easily be applied (Chung et al, 1989;Judaschke et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generalized Efficiency and the Uncertainty of Millimeter Wave Power Standard

Perangin-Angin,

Kuhlmann,

Rühaak

2023

Adv. Radio Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. In the last decade, waveguide thermoelectric power sensors have been established as an alternative to thermistor mounts for millimeter wave power standards, and due to the detection principle and the nature of waveguides, the generalized efficiency is used as calibration quantity instead of the effective efficiency. In this paper, the generalized efficiency and the measurement uncertainty of waveguide thermoelectric sensors are presented and applied to calibrate other types of power sensors in a measurement set-up for frequency up to 170 GHz. Results for commercially available waveguide power sensors are discussed for the interfaces R 900 and R 1.4k.

show abstract

“…By knowing the dissipated power in bolometer load and the input reflection coefficient of the bolometer, one can obtain a calibration factor that connects measured and actual incident power (note that the calibration factor depends on frequency [2,8]). The waveguide structures have been generally preferred over the coaxial ones for a long time, due to difficulties of correcting heat losses in the inner coaxial line conductor [9]. The advantage gained by using a twin-line structure [10,11] is that it led to interruption of external coaxial conductor in order to isolate the environmental temperature influence into an isolated calorimeter structure, while at the same time enabled microwave power flow.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Adiabatic Coaxial Line for Microcalorimeter Power Measurements in Wireless Communication for Smart Grid

Martinovic¹,

Dadić

Ivšić

et al. 2019

Energies

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper presents the extended results and prototype of the adiabatic copper conductor constructed with two interruption points in the external conductor layer, for use as a microcalorimeter power standard in wireless communication for a smart grid frequency range. Gaps are intended to drive down the thermal transfer from the outer environment into microcalorimeter and to reduce measurement inaccuracies in the microcalorimeter. The proposed design method is based on the combination of thermal and electromagnetic finite-element method simulations by which the desired line performance has been tailored. A prototype of the proposed adiabatic line has been manufactured and measurements on the prototype are presented along with the design procedure. Measured results are in line with the ones predicted by numerical calculations.

show abstract

Coaxial and waveguide microcalorimeters for RF and microwave power standards

Cited by 48 publications

References 6 publications

Analyzing the Automatic Power Level Control Effect of a Signal Generator in RF Power Sensor Calibration by a Direct Comparison Transfer Method and a Millimeter Wave Application

Analyzing the Automatic Power Level Control Effect of a Signal Generator in RF Power Sensor Calibration by a Direct Comparison Transfer Method and a Millimeter Wave Application

Generalized Efficiency and the Uncertainty of Millimeter Wave Power Standard

An Adiabatic Coaxial Line for Microcalorimeter Power Measurements in Wireless Communication for Smart Grid

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About