Coastal Impacts Driven by Sea-Level Rise in Cartagena de Indias

Orejarena-Rondón, Andrés F.; Sayol, Juan Manuel; Marcos, Marta; Díaz, Luis Jesús Otero; Restrepo, Juan Camilo; Hernández‐Carrasco, Ismael; Orfila, Alejandro

doi:10.3389/fmars.2019.00614

Cited by 33 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…During the dry season, northern easterlies dominate the area due to the location of the ITCZ at a latitude between 0 and 5 • N. In contrast, during the wet season southern easterlies are able to reach the Colombian basin due to the migration of ITCZ toward higher latitudes (between 10 and 12 • N). Moreover, during the so-called transition season (from May to June), easterlies tend to weaken, consistent with the bi-modal variability of the CLLJ (Orejarena-Rondón et al, 2019).…”

Section: Study Areasupporting

confidence: 71%

On the Impact of the Caribbean Counter Current in the Guajira Upwelling System

et al. 2021

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The variability of La Guajira upwelling system, in the south-central Caribbean Sea, is strongly influenced by the intensity and location of the atmospheric Caribbean Low-Level Jet (CLLJ), a near-surface branch of the easterlies, as well as by the regional ocean circulation. During favorable conditions (i.e., strong easterlies blowing almost parallel to the coast), upwelling is enhanced and a large amount of primary productivity occurs in La Guajira area. In contrast, during relatively mild wind conditions, the CLLJ is misaligned to the coast and the Caribbean Counter Current (CCC, locally also known as the Darien Current), which forms as a branch from the Panama-Colombia Gyre, flows northeastward over the continental shelf advecting waters from the southwestern Caribbean basin toward La Guajira. The CCC has a clear signature at the surface layer that extends from the Darien Gulf toward La Guajira peninsula during mild wind periods, while disappears during the months of strong winds. The direction and the magnitude of the easterlies, and more specifically of the CLLJ, control the position and pathway of the CCC, which extends more than 900 km in the southern Caribbean Sea during May, June, August, September, and October. The high concentration of chlorophyll-a at the sea surface evidenced by satellite-based color images is semi-seasonally modulated by the CLLJ, which during its relaxation phase allows the irruption of the CCC toward the east up to La Guajira.

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Section: Study Areasupporting

confidence: 71%

On the Impact of the Caribbean Counter Current in the Guajira Upwelling System

et al. 2021

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“…The accurate assessment of extreme wind-wave conditions is essential for human activities, e.g., maritime traffic and wave energy generation, and is a major source of coastal hazards. Extreme waves influence the upper ocean by enhancing vertical mixing through the Stokes layer (Polton et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Extreme waves reaching port areas also determine the design and operation of coastal and offshore infrastructures; they are also responsible for coastal flooding at intra-annual scales (Orejarena-Rondón et al, 2019). Waves are the ocean surface response to the wind stress acting over it, and therefore there is a direct connection between surface atmospheric circulation and waves (Lin et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extreme waves and climatic patterns of variability in the eastern North Atlantic and Mediterranean basins

Márquez

Orfila

Simarro³

et al. 2020

Ocean Sci.

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Abstract. The spatial and temporal variability of extreme wave climate in the North Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea is assessed using a 31-year wave model hindcast. Seasonality accounts for 50 % of the extreme wave height variability in the North Atlantic Ocean and up to 70 % in some areas of the Mediterranean Sea. Once seasonality is filtered out, the North Atlantic Oscillation and the Scandinavian index are the dominant large-scale atmospheric patterns that control the interannual variability of extreme waves during winters in the North Atlantic Ocean; to a lesser extent, the East Atlantic Oscillation also modulates extreme waves in the central part of the basin. In the Mediterranean Sea, the dominant modes are the East Atlantic and East Atlantic–Western Russia modes, which act strongly during their negative phases. A new methodology for analyzing the atmospheric signature associated with extreme waves is proposed. The method obtains the composites of significant wave height (SWH), mean sea level pressure (MSLP), and 10 m height wind velocity (U10) using the instant when specific climatic indices have a stronger correlation with extreme waves.

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“…The traditional approach to the study of flooding and erosion caused by storms has been to investigate the two coastal threats separately, i.e., flooding (e.g., Ruju et al, 2014;Guimaraes et al, 2015;Medellín et al, 2016;Lerma et al 2017;Fiedler et al, 2018) and erosion (Schambach et al, 2018). Particularly for the area of the Colombian Caribbean coast, works have focused on evaluating the threat of flooding from extreme waves, without considering changes in beach morphology produced by the studied storm (Andrade et al, 2013;Orejarena et al, 2019). However, recent studies have examined the impact of both threats simultaneously, basically using the eXtreme Beach Behavior (XBeach) model as a tool (Stockdon et al, 2014;de Santiago et al, 2017;Sanuy and Jiménez, 2019;Enríquez et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CC BY 4.0 License. region was 5.6 mm/year during the period 1950-2009 (Torres and Tsimplis, 2012), which has aggravated the impact of the aforementioned phenomena in the region (Orejarena et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of morphodynamics in predicting coastal flooding from storms on a dissipative microtidal beach with SLR conditions: Cartagena de Indias (Colombia)

Cueto

Díaz

Ortiz

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Abstract. The main object of the present work was to study the role of morphodynamic changes in the flooding of a dissipative beach with microtidal regime, considering the simultaneous and individual effects of erosion and flooding in scenarios of long-term mean sea level rise. For this analysis, we selected a sector of the Colombian Caribbean coast with great touristic, historical, economic, cultural and social importance, namely, Cartagena de Indias; specifically, the beach of Bocagrande. By simultaneously considering erosion and flood processes associated with highly energetic waves, the study facilitates the construction of more precise models for assessing threats to coastal zones. SWAN and XBeach nested models were carried out in order to predict morphological changes and flooding during selected cold fronts and hurricanes that affected Cartagena de Indias; those numerical models were calibrated using field campaigns data (pre- and post-storm). The results of this research indicate that flooding on microtidal dissipative beaches under extreme wave conditions should be approached by considering morphodynamics, because ignoring them can underestimate flooding by ~15%. The erosion and flood effects are intensified by sea level rise, resulting in the most unfavorable condition when extreme events are contemporaneous with high tides.

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Coastal Impacts Driven by Sea-Level Rise in Cartagena de Indias

Cited by 33 publications

References 69 publications

On the Impact of the Caribbean Counter Current in the Guajira Upwelling System

On the Impact of the Caribbean Counter Current in the Guajira Upwelling System

Extreme waves and climatic patterns of variability in the eastern North Atlantic and Mediterranean basins

The role of morphodynamics in predicting coastal flooding from storms on a dissipative microtidal beach with SLR conditions: Cartagena de Indias (Colombia)

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