Coastal and Estuarine Morphology Changes Induced by the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake Tsunami

Tanaka, Hitoshi; Tinh, Nguyen Xuan; Umeda, Makoto; Hirao, Ryutaro; Pradjoko, Eko; Mano, Akira; Udo, Keiko

doi:10.1142/s0578563412500106

Cited by 133 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In terms of superficial geology, while erosion and aggradation may both result from large-wave impacts [59,60], it is clear that the coastline can often return to its original condition so that the net (long-term) impact of these events is almost negligible; in systems language, this concept is that of an intransitive coastal system, in which boundary conditions do not change, perturbed by an abrupt (wave impact) event [61]. Exceptions to this occur when extreme events of this kind are superimposed Modern islands and former islands, identified and located through myths collected locally [44,54,55], in the central eastern Solomon Islands (after [41]).…”

Section: Myths Recalling Abrupt Coastal Floodingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geohazards and myths: ancient memories of rapid coastal change in the Asia-Pacific region and their value to future adaptation

Nunn

2014

Geoscience Letters

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Rapid coastal change is common in the Asia-Pacific region yet an understanding of its causes, recurrence times, and impacts is not always clear through the use of conventional geological methods. It is suggested that myths (traditional [oral] tales) are underutilized sources of information about coastal change in this region. This is illustrated by consideration of myths likely to recall (early) Holocene sea-level rise, particularly along the coasts of India and Australia, as well as myths recalling rapid episodic coastal emergence and submergence, the latter including the disappearance of entire landmasses (islands). Two examples of how details in such myths can inform geological understanding of coastal change are given. The first argues that myths recalling the rapid flooding of coastal cities/ lowlands are likely to represent memories of extreme wave events superimposed on a rising (postglacial) sea level. The second suggests that many myths about landmass/island disappearance fail to report the occurrence of rapid (coseismic and aseismic) subsidence even though they provide inferential evidence that this occurred. Few such myths are known to the author from many parts of Asia yet it is likely they exist and could, as elsewhere in the world, help illuminate the understanding of the nature and chronology of rapid coastal change. The challenges involved in helping communities in the Asia-Pacific region adapt to future coastal changes might be partly overcome by the use of appropriate myths to demonstrate precedents and engender local participation in adaptation strategies.

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Section: Myths Recalling Abrupt Coastal Floodingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geohazards and myths: ancient memories of rapid coastal change in the Asia-Pacific region and their value to future adaptation

Nunn

2014

Geoscience Letters

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“…This distributional pattern probably prevented long-distance recruitment from a region not exposed to the tsunami. Therefore, it is conceivable that the tsunami did not extinguish the local P. altivelis altivelis population, despite the marked decrease in fish abundance after the tsunami (Masuda 2013;Nakayama et al 2013) and severe destruction of the coastal environment and structure around the study area (Mori et al 2011;Tanaka et al 2012). However, life history traits of the 2011 upstream migrants that experienced the tsunami were distinct from those in 2010; they were composed of laterhatched fish that migrated upstream at a significantly younger and smaller size than migrants before the tsunami.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The observed ecological changes in P. altivelis altivelis experiencing the tsunami could trigger a decrease in the size of the P. altivelis altivelis population in the Sanriku region. Considering the physical disturbance with co-seismic subsidence (Simons et al 2011;Tanaka et al 2012) and the drastic changes in coastal morphology in the study area, the tsunami certainly destroyed preferred habitat of P. altivelis altivelis larvae and juveniles along the Sanriku coastal sea. The disappearance of early-hatched fish will delay the spawning period because early-hatched fish tend to mature and spawn earlier in the spawning season (Otake et al 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The tsunami extensively inundated over 400 km 2 of the coastal area and devastated a large area of the northeastern part of Japan together with coseismic subsidence and eastward movement of the coast (Mori et al 2011;Simons et al 2011). The Sanriku coast is a ria, composed of many steep narrow bays; thus, the tsunami was amplified to about 40 m in maximum runup height and severely destructed the coastal topography and structures (Mori et al 2011;Tanaka et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They continue to grow in the river and eventually mature and spawn in autumn and winter. The P. altivelis altivelis larvae and juveniles were in their oceanic habitat in March, when the tsunami occurred, which was reportedly the most destroyed area along the coast (Tanaka et al 2012). Therefore, it was presumed that the P. altivelis altivelis population in the Sanriku region suffered directly from the physical disturbance caused by the tsunami.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Immediate impact of the tsunami associated with the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake on the Plecoglossus altivelis altivelis population from the Sanriku coast of northern Japan

2016

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The huge tsunami associated with the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake severely impacted the ecosystems on the Sanriku coast of Japan. The life history traits of ayu, Plecoglossus altivelis altivelis, which have a one-year amphidromous life history, were investigated by otolith analyses in two rivers of the Sanriku coast just after the tsunami compared with results before the tsunami to reveal the immediate impact of the tsunami. Hatching date compositions differed between the upstream migrants before and after the tsunami. The migrants after the tsunami were solely composed of fish hatched during October and November, whereas the migrants before the tsunami were mostly composed of fish hatched in September. Discrepancies between the hatching dates of the migrants and drifting larvae (hatched larvae) indicate that selective mortality of early-hatched fish occurred during the tsunami. Differences in otolith Sr:Ca ratios between upstream migrants before and after the tsunami suggest that fish surviving the tsunami inhabited saline water and earlyhatched fish that inhabited the estuary decreased selectively in number because of the severe erosion around the river mouth. The oceanic growth period shortened in accordance with the change in hatching date. These results show that the tsunami drastically altered the ecology of P. altivelis altivelis on the Sanriku coast.

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Fluvial and coastal landform changes in the Aceh River delta (northern Sumatra) during the century leading to the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami

Chapkanski

Brocard

Lavigne³

et al. 2022

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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River deltas are strongly affected by demographic growth and by the intensification of land use. The migration of deltaic coastlines is often rapid, threatening urban settlements, coastal farming, and coastal biotopes. Some deltas benefit from centuries of monitoring, such that the evolution of their coastline is well documented. For most deltas, however, such long records do not exist. The study of their geomorphological evolution can benefit from overlapping maps drafted over time, combined with aerial photographs and satellite images, to track the evolution of fluvial and coastal landforms. Both fluvial and coastal landforms are sensitive to variations in water and sediment supply, such that covariations in the evolution of these landforms, or the lack thereof, provide clues on the contribution of water and sediment supply to delta evolution. We document the evolution of river channels and coastlines in the delta of the Aceh River in northwest Sumatra, by overlying maps, ortho‐rectified aerial photographs, and satellite images covering the past 130 years. We assess the accuracy of the overlays, and then use multivariate statistics to analyze the co‐evolution of fluvial and coastal landforms. We propose that a progressive decrease in sediment supply spurred river channel lengthening and narrowing, landward migration of the shoreline, and narrowing of beach ridges. The 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami generated an instantaneous retreat of the coastline that amounts to ∼53% of the coastal retreat from 1884 to 2019 ce. Post‐tsunami evolution is marked by an irreversible acceleration of previous trends. Beach ridges located up‐drift of rivers and tidal channel mouths are more sensitive to long‐term landward retreat and tsunamigenic erosion.

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Coastal and Estuarine Morphology Changes Induced by the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake Tsunami

Cited by 133 publications

References 16 publications

Geohazards and myths: ancient memories of rapid coastal change in the Asia-Pacific region and their value to future adaptation

Geohazards and myths: ancient memories of rapid coastal change in the Asia-Pacific region and their value to future adaptation

Immediate impact of the tsunami associated with the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake on the Plecoglossus altivelis altivelis population from the Sanriku coast of northern Japan

Fluvial and coastal landform changes in the Aceh River delta (northern Sumatra) during the century leading to the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami

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