CO2 Utilization in the Ironmaking and Steelmaking Process

Abstract

Study on the resource utilization of CO2 is important for the reduction of CO2 emissions to cope with global warming and bring a beneficial metallurgical effect. In this paper, research on CO2 utilization in the sintering, blast furnace, converter, secondary refining, continuous casting, and smelting processes of stainless steel in recent years in China is carried out. Based on the foreign and domestic research and application status, the feasibility and metallurgical effects of CO2 utilization in the ferrous metallurgy process are analyzed. New techniques are shown, such as (1) flue gas circulating sintering, (2) blowing CO2 through a blast furnace tuyere and using CO2 as a pulverized coal carrier gas, (3) top and bottom blowing of CO2 in the converter, (4) ladle furnace and electric arc furnace bottom blowing of CO2, (5) CO2 as a continuous casting shielding gas, (6) CO2 for stainless steel smelting, and (7) CO2 circulation combustion. The prospects of CO2 application in the ferrous metallurgy process are widespread, and the quantity of CO2 utilization is expected to be more than 100 kg per ton of steel, although the large-scale industrial utilization of CO2 emissions is just beginning. It will facilitate the progress of metallurgical technology effectively and promote the energy conservation of the metallurgical industry strongly.

Experimental Study on Decarburization and Chromium Retention in Stainless Steel Smelting with CO2 as Alternative to N2

“…Compared with the inert gas N 2 , CO 2 has similar ability to O 2 under metallurgical reaction conditions to oxidatively remove C from the melt. [ 12–18 ] The reactions of C with O 2 and CO 2 are shown in Equation (2) and (3), respectively. Oxidizing the same content of C, CO 2 releases twice as much CO gas as O 2 , which may affect the direction of decarburization reaction.…”

Ironmaking and Steelmaking

“…Another excellent contribution from China (Dong and Wang [4]) analysed the utilisation of CO 2 gas in various steel manufacturing steps from sintering, through blast furnace, steelmaking, ladle furnace, continuous casting to the smelting process of stainless steel. The paper concluded that the quantity of CO 2 utilization is expected to be more than 100 kg per ton of steel.…”

Hybrid Model for Predicting Oxygen Consumption in BOF Steelmaking Process Based on Cluster Analysis

“…[ 4,5 ] If the oxygen blowing is too large, the smelting cycle will be prolonged, the steel yield will be reduced, the molten steel will be overoxidized, and the alloy consumption will be increased. [ 6 ] The oxygen blowing process is one of the important processes in converter steelmaking process. Therefore, it is very important to predict oxygen consumption in converter steelmaking process for the purpose of high‐efficiency production of converter and stable control of molten steel quality.…”