CO2 storage in saline aquifers I—Current state of scientific knowledge

Combining power plant water needs and carbon dioxide storage using saline formations: Implications for carbon dioxide and water management policies

“…Additionally, many site-specific and general cases to store CO 2 in saline formations offer several lessons to build from regarding site selection, pressure management, and add to the growing body of literature as to the feasibility of storing CO 2 in saline formations (Lucier and Zoback, 2008;Nicot, 2008;Grataloup et al, 2009;Michael et al, 2009;Medina et al, 2011;Hovorka et al, 2000;Herzog, 2010). To potentially help guide the growing number of studies and projects, the International Energy Agency developed an overarching review of the risk assessment and terminology practices within the CO 2 storage community in an effort to help inform professionals working (or that may begin to work) in this applied field (IEAGHG, 2009).…”

Deep Fluids in Sedimentary Basins

“…The US CO 2 sales for EOR reached $3 billion ft 3 /d in 2008 (DOE/NETL, 2008;Jensen et al, 2009;Moritis, 2009). In addition, there are approximately 25 geologic sequestration field demonstration projects in the United States at various stages of planning and deployment, and similar number of tests are being implemented in other countries to investigate the storage of CO 2 in various rock formations (clastic, carbonate, or basalt) using different injection schemes, monitoring methods, hazards assessment protocols, and mitigation strategies (Cook, 2009;Gislason et al, 2010;Haszeldine, 2009;Litynski et al, 2008;Michael et al, 2009).…”

Review of CO2 storage efficiency in deep saline aquifers

“…Estimating CO 2 storage capacity in hydrocarbon reservoirs is straightforward because the completed reservoir intervals are well defined and capacity estimation is based on the replacement principle by which the equivalent volume of produced oil and/or gas can be used for CO 2 storage (see Bachu et al, 2007, andNETL, 2010, for methodology). In contrast, estimating CO 2 storage in deep saline aquifers has been a challenge because of their continuous, as opposed to discrete, nature and because of different concepts used in estimating CO 2 storage capacity (Michael et al, 2009): (1) considering the entire aquifer versus accounting only for structural and stratigraphic traps, and (2) considering CO 2 in free phase and/or in solution. In fact, the latter issue reduces to considering physical trapping of CO 2 (in structural and stratigraphic traps, at irreducible saturation in the pore space, and/or as a plume of CO 2 in migration assisted storage - Spencer et al, 2011), chemical trapping (solubility and mineral trapping), or any combination of their components.…”