CO2 emission trading within the European Union and Annex B countries: the cement industry case

Szabó, László; Hidalgo, Ignacio; Cı́scar, Juan Carlos; Soria, Antonio

doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2004.06.003

Cited by 122 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…As mentioned previously, CO 2 emissions can be reduced if a calciner is used prior to the rotary kiln [4,18,20]. In that case, a decrease of fuel consumption by 8e11% can be gained [20].…”

Section: Analytical Calculation Of Co 2 Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…According to Szabó et al [20] a decrease of energy consumption by 8e11% can be achieved when a rotary kiln is used together with a calciner. This decrease is due to the fact that cement calciners have lower temperatures than rotary kilns.…”

Section: Modern Cement Pyroprocessing Unitmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sheinbaum and Ozawa [19] reported the energy use and the CO 2 emissions in the Mexican cement industry, concluding that the focus of the energy and CO 2 emissions reduction should be on the use of alternative fuels. Szabó et al [20] for the 2000e2030 period, presented the most important trends in world cement production, technology development and CO 2 emissions. The study showed that the most advanced dry-precalciner technologies are expected to be the most widely used by 2030.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The application of CFD modelling to support the reduction of CO 2 emissions in cement industry

Mikulčić

Vujanović

Fidaros

et al. 2012

Energy

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a b s t r a c tThe cement industry is one of the leading producers of anthropogenic greenhouse gases, of which CO 2 is the most significant. Recently, researchers have invested a considerable amount of time studying ways to improve energy consumption and pollutant formation in the overall cement manufacturing process. One idea involves dividing the calcination and clinkering processes into two separate furnaces. The calcination process is performed in a calciner while the clinkering process takes place in a rotary kiln. As this is new technology in the cement manufacturing process, calciners are still in the research and development phase. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the potential of CFD to support the design and optimization of calciners, whose use appears to be essential in reduction of CO 2 emission during cement production. The mathematical model of the calcination process was developed, validated and implemented into a commercial CFD code, which was then used for the analysis. From the results obtained by these simulations, researchers will gain an in-depth understanding of all thermo-chemical reactions in a calciner. This understanding can be used to optimize the calciner's geometry, to make production more efficient, to lower pollutant formation and to subsequently reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

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“…As mentioned previously, CO 2 emissions can be reduced if a calciner is used prior to the rotary kiln [4,18,20]. In that case, a decrease of fuel consumption by 8e11% can be gained [20].…”

Section: Analytical Calculation Of Co 2 Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Modern Cement Pyroprocessing Unitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The application of CFD modelling to support the reduction of CO 2 emissions in cement industry

Mikulčić

Vujanović

Fidaros

et al. 2012

Energy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The best available technology, the one with the lowest energy consumption, for the cement manufacturing today, is the use of a rotary kiln together with a calciner. Szabo et al [4] reported that an energy consumption decrease of 8-11% can be achieved if a cement calciner is used prior to the rotary kiln. The calciner is a separate furnace in which the calcination process occurs, and after that the material goes to the rotary kiln where the clinkering process occurs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cement industry is one of the largest carbon emitting industrial sectors in the world, being the third largest carbon emitting industrial sector in the EU [4]. It contributes to about 5% of world's anthropogenic CO 2 [5,6], in the EU it accounts about 4.1% of the total CO 2 emissions [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reducing the CO2 emissions in Croatian cement industry

2013

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a b s t r a c tCement industry is one of the largest carbon emitting industrial sectors. It is responsible for about 5% of anthropogenic CO 2 in the world. Therefore, it is a relevant industrial sector for CO 2 emission regulation strategies. Bearing in mind the importance of cement industry in Croatia, and because of the fact that Croatia will soon become an EU member state, the present paper analyses the potential to reduce CO 2 emission in the Croatian cement industry. There are several measures that can reduce CO 2 emissions from the cement manufacturing process: the use of waste heat as an alternative source of energy; CO 2 capture and storage technologies; reduction of clinker to cement ratio; the use of alternative and biomass fuels; the use of alternative raw materials; an energy efficient combustion process. The most energy efficient technology for cement manufacturing today is the use of a rotary kiln together with a multi-stage preheater and a calciner. Since the use of cement calciners is a relatively new technology, further improvement of their operating conditions is still needed. This paper also highlights the results of research in the field of computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulations that are used for the investigation of process and combustion emissions. The above mentioned measures together with numerical investigations can reduce the effect of cement manufacturing in Croatia on the environment and can make it more competitive with cement manufacturers from the EU.

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Preparing for the ‘real’ market: national patterns of institutional learning and company behaviour in the European Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS)

2008

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European companies have reacted in different ways to the European Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS), Phase I. While some companies engaged in an active trading behaviour focused on additional revenues, others adopted a strategy orientated to mere compliance with the scheme and aimed for balanced accounts only. This article provides the outcomes of a survey on company behaviour under the EU ETS in Germany, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands and Denmark from 2005 to 2006, in which cross-national differences in trading behaviour are linked to national patterns of policy implementation and the political economies in which companies operate. Thus, specific country patterns of institutional preparation and institutional learning for the ‘real’ CO2 allowance market in Phase II of the EU ETS (2008–2012) are sketched. Whereas Phase I is distinguished by a net over-allocation of allowances, Phase II is expected to entail some level of scarcity of allowances. We argue that companies are prepared differently to meet the challenges of the future EU ETS. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment

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CO2 emission trading within the European Union and Annex B countries: the cement industry case

Cited by 122 publications

References 13 publications

The application of CFD modelling to support the reduction of CO 2 emissions in cement industry

The application of CFD modelling to support the reduction of CO 2 emissions in cement industry

Reducing the CO2 emissions in Croatian cement industry

Preparing for the ‘real’ market: national patterns of institutional learning and company behaviour in the European Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS)

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