CO₂, N₂O and CH₄production/consumption potentials of soils under different land-use types in central Japan and eastern Hungary

Abstract

The production/consumption of greenhouse gases (GHG) in soils are of great importance in global warming, but the involved soil physico-chemical and biological characteristics affecting GHG production and consumption potentials are poorly understood in different land-use types. Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), nitrous oxide (N 2 O) and methane (CH 4 ) production/consumption potentials from four land-use types and 10 soil types in central Japan and eastern Hungary, and their relationships with soil characteristics, were investigated. The average of CO 2 production in Japanese soils was significantly higher than that of Hungarian soils due to the relatively higher microbial biomass carbon (MBC) content. N 2 O production from both countries' soils did not exhibit a significant difference. Most soils except Japanese paddy and soybean soils showed the potentials for CH 4 consumption. Forest and grassland soils had relatively higher CO 2 and N 2 O production than orchard and cropland soils for both countries. From regression analyses, it could be concluded that soil total nitrogen (TN) and ammonium-nitrogen (NH 4 + -N) account for 40.8% and 25.5% variations of the soils' CO 2 and N 2 O productions, respectively. The CH 4 consumption was positively correlated with soil carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio, while soil MBC availability could account for 15% variation of CH 4 consumption under aerobic conditions.

Effects of land use conversion and fertilization on CH4 and N2O fluxes from typical hilly red soil

“…In the preset study, land use conversion from paddy to orchard significantly decreased the net GWPs irrespective of fertilization (Table 4). These results suggest that orchard cultivation could significantly mitigate the integrative greenhouse effect caused by CH 4 and N 2 O compared with paddy fields, which was in well agreement with the results obtained from other studies (Scheer et al 2008;Kong et al 2013). The higher GWPs from paddy fields were mainly related to the CH 4 fluxes in the flooding period.…”

Influence of Azolla (Azolla microphyllaKaulf.) compost on biogenic gas production, inorganic nitrogen and growth of upland kangkong (Ipomoea aquaticaForsk.) in a silt loam soil

“…Incorporation of organic amendments or crop residues provides a source of readily available carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) in the soil, and subsequently influences carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) production (Padre et al 2005;Lou et al 2007;Toma and Hatano 2007;Kimura et al 2011;Zhu et al 2013). Several factors have been identified that affect the rate of N 2 O emission from agricultural systems, including N amendment (Bouwman 1996;Jumadi et al 2008aJumadi et al , 2008bFukumoto and Inubushi 2009), pH (Xu and Inubushi 2005), temperature (Lang et al 2011), organic amendment (Lou et al 2007;Vano et al 2011, Thangarajan et al 2013, soil moisture (Kirk et al 2013;Zhu et al 2013) and land use management (Jumadi et al 2005;Lang et al 2011;Kong et al 2013). Organic amendments or fertilizers affect N 2 O gas production in several ways: (1) the type of N [nitrate (NO 3 -), ammonium (NH 4 + ) or organic N] affects N gas production during nitrification and denitrification; (2) the presence of easily decomposable organic C enhances soil respiration and biological oxygen (O 2 ) demand inducing low-O 2 environments and subsequent denitrification; (3) the addition of other compounds (such as salt and water) have effects on biological, chemical and physical soil processes (Velthof et al 2012;Thangarajan et al 2013).…”

Different Responses of Greenhouse Gas Emissions to Straw Application at Different Seasons in Northeast China

“…Increases in atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHGs) such as carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), methane (CH 4 ) and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) are responsible for current and predicted future global warming (Kong et al 2013) and the associated environmental problems. Globally, agriculture is a major source of atmospheric GHGs (Ussiri et al 2009), contributing approximately 10%-12% of the global total (Smith et al 2014).…”