CO₂-fixation into cyclic and polymeric carbonates: principles and applications

Abstract

The reaction between carbon dioxide and epoxides is an attractive pathway for CO2-utilisation as it can lead to the formation of two valuable products: cyclic and polymeric carbonates.

The Role of Water Revisited and Enhanced: A Sustainable Catalytic System for the Conversion of CO2 into Cyclic Carbonates under Mild Conditions

“…This issue can be overcomeb yr eacting CO 2 with high-free-energy substrates such as H 2 ,a mines, and epoxides. [5][6][7][8][9] The cycloaddition of CO 2 to epoxides requires ac atalyst to proceed at ah igh rate under mild conditions. [5] The obtained cyclic carbonates are useful compounds finding relevant applications as intermediates for the preparation of fine chemicals and polymers, asg reen aproticp olar solvents, and as electrolytes in Li-ion batteries.…”

“…[5] The obtained cyclic carbonates are useful compounds finding relevant applications as intermediates for the preparation of fine chemicals and polymers, asg reen aproticp olar solvents, and as electrolytes in Li-ion batteries. [5][6][7][8][9] The cycloaddition of CO 2 to epoxides requires ac atalyst to proceed at ah igh rate under mild conditions. The most active catalytic systems for this reaction comprise Lewis acid sites for the activation of the epoxide and Lewis bases acting as nucleophiles for the subsequent The role of water as highly effective hydrogen-bond donor (HBD) forp romoting the coupling reaction of CO 2 with av ariety of epoxides was demonstrated under very mild conditions (25-60 8C, 2-10 bar CO 2 ).…”

Synthesis of Fluorinated Dialkyl Carbonates from Carbon Dioxide as a Carbonyl Source

“…Aiming at the synthesis of fluorinated DAC 1 , we examined three methods I–III referring to the previously reported methods for the synthesis of DACs from CO 2 , as shown in Scheme a: I) dehydrative condensation of CO 2 and two molecules of alcohol; II) three‐component coupling of alcohol, CO 2 , and electrophile; and III) dialkylation of inorganic carbonate by electrophile…”

ZIF‐8‐Nanocrystalline Zirconosilicate Integrated Porous Material for the Activation and Utilization of CO2 in Insertion Reactions

“…Only a few industrial processes based on CO 2 are known, such as; the production of urea, organic carbonates, methanol, salicylic acid, etc. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] This is due to the thermodynamic inertness of CO 2 . CO 2 can be used as the source of O (a mild oxidant), CO (in urea synthesis), and C (for the synthesis of methanol, CH 4 and other fuels).…”

“…CO 2 can be used as the source of O (a mild oxidant), CO (in urea synthesis), and C (for the synthesis of methanol, CH 4 and other fuels). [9][10][11][12][13][14][15] But the most atom economy process is the insertion of CO 2 into epoxides/amines to produce a wide range of organic compounds such as cyclic carbonate/ carbamate and quinazoline-2,4(1H, 3H)-dione. In order to develop sustainable catalysts for CO 2 insertion reactions, CO 2 should be adsorbed and suitably activated.…”