Co‐operative roles of IL‐4Rα and IL‐13Rα1 in the progression of ovarian carcinomas and the survival of ovarian carcinoma patients

Abstract

Co-operative roles of IL-4Rα and IL-13Rα1 in the progression of ovarian carcinomas and the survival of ovarian carcinoma patientsDear Editor, Recently, there has been a rise in interest in the roles of cytokines and cytokine receptors in malignant human tumors. Cytokine receptors, especially type II interleukin-4 receptor (IL-4R), have recently been examined as novel therapeutic targets of human cancers [1][2][3]. The type II IL-4R complex is composed of IL-4Rα and interleukin-13 receptor α1 (IL-13Rα1), and the expression of IL-4Rα and IL-13Rα1 was higher in cancer tissues compared with normal counterpart tissues [3,4]. Furthermore, higher expression of IL-4Rα or IL-13Rα1 was associated with shorter survival of cancer patients [5,6]. This expression of IL-4Rα and IL-13Rα1 in human cancer is related to their roles in regulating signaling mechanisms involved in cancer progression, including the Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway [3,5]. Therefore, the IL-4R-related pathway is targeted in anti-cancer therapeutic strategies [3,5,6]. However, despite extensive investigations into the role of IL-4Rα and IL-13Rα1 in the regulation of the biological mechanism of immune cells and tumor cells [2-4], there have been limited reports focused on the role of IL-4Rα/IL-13Rα1 in ovarian carcinomas. Recently, cytokine-related activation of the JAK2/STAT3 pathway was implicated in the progression of ovarian cancers through the induction of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) [7]. In addition, it was shown that EMT is a vital mechanism in the progression of human cancer and resistance of cancers to conventional anti-cancer therapies [8,9]. Therefore, when considering the roles of IL-4Rα and IL-13Rα1 in JAKrelated cancer progression [2, 3, 5], IL-4Rα and IL-13Rα1 might be involved in the progression of ovarian cancers. Therefore, this study investigated the expression of IL-4RαAbbreviations: IL-4R, interleukin-4 receptor; IL-13Rα1, interleukin-13 receptor α1; EMT, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition; JAK, Janus kinase; OS, overall survival; RFS, relapse-free survival; STAT, signal transducer and activator of transcription.

FAM83H Expression Is Associated with Tumor-Infiltrating PD1-Positive Lymphocytes and Predicts the Survival of Breast Carcinoma Patients

“…The tissue sections were incubated with primary antibodies for FAM83H (Cat# A304-323A, 1:100, Bethyl Laboratories, Montgomery, TX, USA) and PD1 (Cat# ab52587, clone NAT105, 1:50, Abcam, Cambridge, UK) and then visualized using the DAKO Envision system (DAKO, Carpinteria, CA, USA). Immunohistochemical expression of FAM83H was separately evaluated for its nuclear and cytoplasmic expression based on the staining intensity (a scale of 0 to 3: 0, no staining; 1, weak staining; 2, intermediate staining; 3, strong staining) and staining area (a scale of 0 to 5: 0, 0%; 1, 1%; 2, 2–10%; 3, 11–33%; 4, 34–66%; 5, 67–100%) [ 11 , 26 , 27 ]. The immunohistochemical staining score was obtained by adding a staining intensity scale and staining area scale for each TMA core.…”