Co‐operation between large‐scale MPAs: successful experiences from the Pacific Ocean

Abstract

ABSTRACT1. Nations have recently committed to protecting 20-30% of the ocean at various global summits; however, marine protected areas currently cover <3% of the ocean. Large-scale marine protected areas (LSMPAs, >100 000 km 2

Large-Scale Marine Protected Areas: guidelines for design and management

“…These include bilateral agreements and learning exchanges, as well as research, monitoring and enforcement activities. By working together, Pacific LSMPAs have been able to overcome some of the management and scientific challenges associated with conserving vast areas of the oceans (Friedlander, et al, 2016).…”

“…Partnerships can benefit LSMPAs in several ways, the most obvious being sharing research costs (Friedlander, et al, 2016) to achieve shared goals and objectives (see Box 26). Multiple partners can leverage and pool human and financial resources by identifying key common questions to more efficiently address such goals.…”

“…Building partnerships between management and scientific partners working at an area is essential, but doing so with other LSMPAs can leverage a single area's efforts to benefit marine conservation and ocean governance globally (Friedlander, et al, 2016). As one example, Big Ocean's Shared Scientific Research Agenda (Big Ocean, 2013) aims to (1) capitalise on collaborative and comparative research opportunities based on the scientific needs common to LSMPAs, and (2) identify a set of shared research priorities to be addressed by Big Ocean member areas.…”

“…Together with consistent engagement of funders and participation in the development and execution of major research programmes, ongoing dialogue can help consistently direct science efforts towards critical management issues. Sister-site agreements: tangible benefits from the relationship between PMNM and PIPA At a meeting of marine managers and World Heritage experts from Oceania in 2007, a simple comment regarding the potential for setting up protected area sister sites became the start for what is now a very fruitful partnership, and one that has been a catalyst for the emerging field of large-scale marine conservation (Toonen, et al, 2013, Wilhelm, et al, 2014, Friedlander, et al, 2016 As the U.S. and Kiribati have shared a Treaty of Friendship since 1979, a sister-site relationship between PMNM and PIPA furthers the treaty's goal of encouraging and facilitating cooperative agreements to protect the natural and cultural resources of Kiribati. Despite being uncertain of the process or the benefits, three staff from Hawai'i met in Maui in 2009 to script a draft concept.…”

Understanding How Policy Actors Improvise and Collaborate in the Great Barrier Reef

“…Third, multi-level policy actors within and outside of government must be involved in adapting policy to resource, capacity, and administrative situations (Haward and Vince 2009;Bastari et al 2016;Batista and Cabral 2016;Berdej and Armitage 2016;Gurney et al 2016;Friedlander et al 2016). Participation improves the legitimacy of MPA agreements, implementation, and enforcement, particularly across sovereign borders (Leenhardt et al 2013).…”