Co-existence of child and adolescent obesity and thinness in a city in Nigeria: Comparison of results derived from different reference standards

Ejike, Chukwunonso E.C.C.; Onyemairo, JN; Onukogu, IA

doi:10.4103/2231-0738.114856

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Differences of prevalence of overweight and obesity between genders have been related to geopolitical and cultural conditions. [20] However, a study conducted in Delhi [17] among affluent adolescent school children, found a higher prevalence of obesity in males in comparison to females. In another study in Ludhiana, [12] no significant difference in the prevalence of overweight and obesity was found between the two genders.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Prevalence of overweight and obesity in urban school going adolescents in Shimla city

Mahajan

Negi

2014

Int J Nutr Pharmacol Neurol Dis

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Objectives:To study the prevalence of overweight and obesity among school going adolescents in Shimla city in Himachal Pradesh. Materials and Methods: A school based cross-sectional study was carried out to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity among urban school-going adolescents (10 to 19 years) of both sexes studying from fifth to twelfth classes in various government and private schools of Shimla city in Himachal Pradesh. Results: A sample of 3385 students comprising 1665 females (49.2%) and 1720 (50.8%) males was formed for the purpose of the study. It was observed that 39.8% subjects were underweight, 3.0% were overweight, and 0.9% obese. 5.7% adolescents were found to be centrally obese taking ninety-fifth percentile of waist circumference for age and sex as the cut off. In transition from the higher to lower socioeconomic status, there was an increase in prevalence of underweight and decrease in prevalence of overweight and obesity. Prevalence of overweight and obesity was more in females of the higher socioeconomic class. Conclusions: It is indeed ironic that a problem of 'plenty,' namely, childhood overweight and obesity has emerged, even as we are still fighting malnutrition and infectious disease. As such, conflict in public health messages is a distinct possibility and must be avoided at all cost.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The coexistence of thinness and overweight adolescents has also been reported in a study in Nigeria. [17] Kapil et al, [9] reported the prevalence of obesity in adolescent school-going children of affluent Indian families to the tune of 7.4% and overweight 23.1%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of overweight and obesity in urban school going adolescents in Shimla city

Mahajan

Negi

2014

Int J Nutr Pharmacol Neurol Dis

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“…An earlier cross-sectional study in Umuahia, Nigeria, using the same diagnostic tool as used in this study reported a thinness prevalence of 17.3% in males and of 15.5% in females [2]. These values are closer to the values reported in Schools 1 (very affordable; rural) and 2 (affordable; urban-poor), but considerably higher than values reported for Schools 3 (expensive; urban-middle income) and 4 (very expensive; urban-rich).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In Nigeria, there are reports of high prevalence of both under- and over-nutrition, even in the same locality [1,2]. This double burden of malnutrition in societies experiencing nutrition transition calls for deliberate holistic health policy action to cater for the needs of populations at risk of nutritional challenges.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malnutrition Affects the Urban-Poor Disproportionately: A Study of Nigerian Urban Children of Different Socio-Economic Statuses

Ejike

2016

Children

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Income inequality within the same place of residence may impact the nutritional status of children. This study therefore investigated the impact of income inequality on the nutritional status of children living in the same place of residence, using anthropometric tools. Children in four schools (Schools 1–4) within the vicinity of a housing estate in Umuahia, Nigeria, that charge fees making them ‘very affordable’, ‘affordable’, ‘expensive’ and ‘very expensive’, respectively, were recruited for the study. Thinness, overweight and obesity were defined using the Cole et al. reference standards. Thinness was present in 10.4% (13.0% of boys, 7.6% of girls); 20.4% (15.6% of boys, 27.3% of girls; and 0.7% (1.4% of boys, 0.0% of girls) of children in Schools 1–3, respectively; but absent in school 4. Only 3.7% (1.4% of boys, 6.1% of girls) and 5.6% (6.3% of boys, 4.5% of girls) of children in Schools 1 and 2, respectively, were overweight/obese. Conversely, 25.8% (18.9% of boys, 32.5% of girls) and 41.6% (38.8% of boys, 45.3% of girls) of children in Schools 3 and 4, respectively, were overweight/obese. The urban-poor (School 2) are clearly affected by malnutrition disproportionately.

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“…Meeting the nutritional requirements of adolescents may be a crucial move towards ending the cycle of malnutrition, long-term illnesses, and destitution that passes from one generation to another. Conversely, investigations into the causal factors of malnutrition among adolescents have been conducted in various regions, including Ibadan [1], Abuja [10], Aba [13], Kano [14] and Umahia [15]. However, it is noteworthy that no analogous studies have been undertaken in Asaba, Delta State.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional Status of Adolescents in Public and Private Secondary Schools in Asaba, Delta State, Nigeria

Afe, J. E.,

Ubajaka, C. F.,

Okoye, A. C.

2023

EJNFS

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This study aimed to compare the nutritional status of adolescents in private and public secondary schools in Asaba, Delta State. A cross-sectional analytical design was conducted among 282 adolescents from private day, private boarding and public secondary schools, selected by multistage sampling technique. Anthropometrics measures and socio-demographic characteristics data were collected using pretested questionnaire. Using WHO-reference-2007, height, BMI and weight-for-age were measured for stunting, wasting and underweight respectively and BMI-for-age for overweight and obesity. The collected data were entered in to Microsoft Excel and exported to SPSS for further statistical analysis. Chi-square test at 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to quantify independent variables of nutritional indices. The mean age of the students in public, private day, and private boarding schools were 14.28±2.79, 13.54±2.24, and 14.04±2.53 years, respectively. The prevalence of stunting, thinness, underweight, normal weight and overweight among public school participants was 31, 35, 29, 71, 0% respectively; that of private day school participants was 34, 45, 29, 63, 9%, respectively whereas that of private boarding school participants was 39, 47, 23, 61, 16%, respectively. These differences in the underweight and obesity were statistically significant (p<0.05). Statistical analyses revealed significant associations (p<0.05) between socioeconomic levels and underweight, highlighting the vulnerability of adolescents from lower socio-economic backgrounds. The influence of poverty on stunting was particularly pronounced within private boarding schools. The result also showed that there was no significant association between thinness, stunting, underweight and eating patterns among adolescents in all school types, however, significant association were observed for overweight. Thus, nutrition interventions to improve nutritional status of the adolescents through providing comprehensive nutritional assessment and counseling services at community, school, and health facility levels, and creating household’s income-generating activities are recommended before they reach conception to break the intergenerational cycle effect of malnutrition.

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Co-existence of child and adolescent obesity and thinness in a city in Nigeria: Comparison of results derived from different reference standards

Cited by 3 publications

References 25 publications

Prevalence of overweight and obesity in urban school going adolescents in Shimla city

Prevalence of overweight and obesity in urban school going adolescents in Shimla city

Malnutrition Affects the Urban-Poor Disproportionately: A Study of Nigerian Urban Children of Different Socio-Economic Statuses

Nutritional Status of Adolescents in Public and Private Secondary Schools in Asaba, Delta State, Nigeria

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