Co-evolution of Forestry Policy Development and System-Social Community

Abstract

Developing forests is synonymous with building communities around the forest. Forest destruction is related to the behavior of people living around the forest. Society will always adjust its life to the changes that occur around it in the process of adaptation to be able to live its life. The study found that the failure of forest management was caused by the failure of the process of adaptation of forest management policies with local communities' practice traditions and social systems. Forestry development policy often leads to exclusion of the state to the already living and resident communities in the areas established by the development of the forestry sector. This fact raises the issue of conflict of interest between the surrounding community and the forest manager. On the basis of the findings of this study I suggest; To prevent degradation and deforestation, a new paradigm of forest management systems is required which retains the ecological, economic and socio-cultural functions of local communities as subjects and uses local knowledge and culture as the basis for their governance, and involves other sector commodities to increase their economic value (incentives).

Livelihood Diversity of Rural Communities Without Legal Access to Forest Resources: The Case of Kerinci Seblat National Park in Bengkulu Province

“…However, several cases of arrests and convictions among those who engage in such activities within forest areas led them to have negative experiences of trying to violate state regulations. In this context, access to forests, which indicates land availability as a limiting factor (Rasmus et al, 2021;van Vliet et al, 2013), and the presence or absence of rights that legitimize farmers to manage land resources (Hall et al, 2011;Marwoto et al, 2017) were structures that restrained individuals.…”

“…The pattern of activities in gaining access to and control over land for communities living in the periphery of forests is limited by state territorialization (Abdulkadir-Sunito et al, 2017). This frequently affects local communities that are excluded from forest resources (Marwoto et al, 2017), such that the natural resources utilized are limited and illegally occupied (Ribot & Peluso, 2003;Ribot, 2017). Designation of conservation areas is usually coercive and accompanied by violence (Hall et al, 2011).…”