Co-agulase Negative Staphylococcus Distribution in Clinical Sample in a Tertiary Hospital in Ibadan, Nigeria

Ogbolu, David Olusoga; Daini, OA; Alli, O. A. Terry; Adesina, OO; Odekanmi, A. A.; Okanlawon, B. M.; Olusoga-Ogbolu, FF; Oni, A.A.

doi:10.4314/njhbs.v8i1.47615

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…They have been incriminated in chronic blepharits (2), Keratitis (24), and endophthalmitis (22). In Nigeria, the pathogenicity of the CNS has been established and is incriminated in various disease conditions; Ogbolu et al thus advocate processing when isolated from repeated cultures (25). Their incrimination and inclusion in this study is thus not surprising, and their resistance patterns justify the discourse, which further show that resistance mechanisms are equally been evoked by these organisms, thus increasing their endemic status and enhancing their pathogenicity, especially when they reach deeper structures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

In-Vitro efficacy of antimicrobial agents used in the treatment of bacterial eye infections in Ibadan, Nigeria

Ogbolu¹,

Oat²,

Ephraim³

et al. 2011

Af J Clin Exp Micro

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Failure to cure eye infections, and reduced potency in topical antimicrobials had been observed in South Western Nigeria, this study sought to evaluate in vitro, the efficacy of antimicrobial agents in the treatment of ocular infections. A total of 46 ocular bacterial isolates were recovered from the diagnostic laboratory of the University College Hospital, Ibadan, from conjunctival swabs of patients having underlying eye diseases (Cataracts, glaucoma and esotrapia), and from patients presenting with other symptoms of eye infections. The pathogens incriminated were Staphylococcus aureus (73.5%), Coagulase negative Staphylococci (13.3%), Klebsiella species (10.3%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2.0%). Disc diffusion tests (Bauer-Kirby method) were carried out using ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, augmentin, cefuroxime and levofloxacin. Broth dilution techniques were thereafter performed using gentamicin, chloramphenicol and ciprofloxacin. The microlide-erythromycin was 63.0% efficacious, augmentin and cefuroxime showed 71.1% and 76% efficacy. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of commonly used topical antibiotics however showed different levels of resistance. Resistance to the aminoglycosides was marked, yielding 53.4% with MIC50= 8, MIC90 > 256, Resistance to chloramphenicol was even more marked 69.6% with MIC50= 16, MIC90= 64, the fluoroquinolones showed high efficacy-levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin showed 93.4% and 82.6% susceptibility respectively with MIC50 < 0.5, though slightly demonstrable resistance was observed (MIC90= 8). The study thus recommends the discontinuation of empirical therapy by physicians in order to stem the tide of resistance; it justifies the inclusion of the fluoroquinolones in susceptibility testing of ocular bacterial isolates, and its first line of choice if cure is warranted.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

In-Vitro efficacy of antimicrobial agents used in the treatment of bacterial eye infections in Ibadan, Nigeria

Ogbolu¹,

Oat²,

Ephraim³

et al. 2011

Af J Clin Exp Micro

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“…In our country, little attention has been accorded the CoNS to the extent of screening for mecA gene among them. Literature is however growing on its pathogenicity and increased isolation from clinical infections 18 , 19 . The marked distribution of mecA gene among these isolates (41.5%), as well as the insignificant difference in their isolation rate and distribution of mecA gene when compared with S. aureus recovered from clinical samples is a pointer to the fact that they should be accorded equal status as opportunistic pathogens (P > 0.05).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Subsequent studies have seen a variation in its prevalence 15 , 16 , 17 . Literature is growing on CoNS and its incrimination in clinical infections in Nigeria 18 , 19 ; several factors affect the reliability of the disk diffusion technique for the detection of methicilin resistance among the staphylococci 17 , 20 . Though molecular methods have emerged as the gold standard, there is still little data on the distribution of MRSA and MRCoNS in our locality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of <i>mecA </i> gene among <i>staphylococci </i> from clinical samples of a tertiary hospital in Benin City, Nigeria

Ibadin¹,

Enabulele²,

Muinah³

2018

Afr H. Sci.

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BackgroundThe staphylococci have increasingly been associated with infections worldwide and anti-microbial resistance has made these versatile pathogens more recalcitrant in the hospital setting.ObjectivesThis study sought to investigate the occurrence and distribution of Staphylococcus species as well as determine the prevalence of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin resistant coagulase negative staphylococci (MRCoNS) among clinical samples from University of Benin Teaching Hospital (UBTH) in Benin City.MethodsNinety one (91) clinical isolates comprising S. aureus and Coagulase Negative staphylococci (CoNS) were recovered from routine clinical specimens and anti-microbial susceptibility tests were carried out. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was thereafter carried out on these isolates to detect mecA gene.ResultsStaphylococcus species had its highest prevalence from infected wounds of patients (28.8%) while urine samples showed the least (5.4%). The highest level of resistance was to ceftazidime (S. aureus - 68%, CoNS - 75.6%) while the least resistance was observed for meropenem (S. aureus- 26%, CoNS- 46.3%). Using phenotypic method (with 1µg oxacillin antibiotic disc), the distribution of MRSA and MRCoNS was 44.0% and 46.3% respectively. PCR analysis showed that 38.0% of S. aureus and 41.5% of the CoNS had mecA gene respectively; wound swabs showed the highest prevalence with 30.5% of staphylococcal isolates being mecA gene positive. There was also no significant association between the Staphylococcal isolates and their isolation rate, isolation site and mecA gene distribution (p > 0.05).ConclusionThis study draws attention on the increase in the prevalence of mecA gene (39.6%) and an increase in multidrug resistant staphylococci when compared to previous studies in our country; it recommends laboratory guidance and periodic review to stem the tide of resistance.

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“…According to Olufotebi et al [36], this variation may be caused by environmental factors such as different hygiene and sanitation policies in different areas, as well as climatic factors on parasite ova. The risk of human infection is highlighted by potentially pathogenic helminth parasites in the environment [28]. The study's findings showed significant risks for people who live and work around Otuaba and Dorcas Lodge due to the high levels of parasite contamination in the soil samples examined from there.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…The soil samples were also examined using the Zinc sulphate flotation technique according to Ogbolu et al [28]. Every soil sample was sieved to eliminate the trash and larger pieces.…”

Section: Zinc Sulphate Solutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of Soil-Transmitted Helminths in Selected Waste Dumpsites in OtuokeCommunity, Ogbia Local Government Area, Bayelsa State, Nigeria

Ezenwaka,

Okere.

2024

PAJOLS

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Background: Soil-transmitted helminths (STH) are global health concerns, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions with poor sanitation. Waste dumpsites contribute to STH transmission, polluting soil, groundwater, and air quality in any location where they are situated. This study was carried out to investigate the occurrence of soil-transmitted helminths in selected waste dumpsites in the Otuoke community, Ogbia Local Government Area, Bayelsa State. Methods: 46 soil samples were randomly collected from different dumpsites and analyzed using Zinc sulphate floatation, Baermann technique and concentration method. Eggs and larvae of parasites present were identified morphologically by microscopic examination under x4 and x 10 objective lenses using identification keys. The Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 22 was used to analyze the data at 0.05 significant levels. Results: The overall rate of contamination was 28.3%. Eggs and larvae of three soil-transmitted helminths were recovered from the soil samples. The species of soil-transmitted helminths encountered in the study were Ascaris spp. 4(8.6%), Hookworm specie 5(10.9%) and Strongyloides spp. 15(32.6%). The most prevalent soil-transmitted helminth recorded in this study was the larvae of Strongyloides spp. Nevertheless, variations in the distribution of soil-transmitted helminths across locations varied significantly (P = 0.035; P<0.05). Conclusion: The findings suggest a need for a strategic intervention to improve sanitary status precisely in the locations where parasitic contaminations were present, whereas continuous monitoring and preventive measures should be implemented in the locations with no parasitic contamination to prevent the emergence of soil-transmitted helminths infection.

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Co-agulase Negative Staphylococcus Distribution in Clinical Sample in a Tertiary Hospital in Ibadan, Nigeria

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

In-Vitro efficacy of antimicrobial agents used in the treatment of bacterial eye infections in Ibadan, Nigeria

In-Vitro efficacy of antimicrobial agents used in the treatment of bacterial eye infections in Ibadan, Nigeria

Prevalence of <i>mecA </i> gene among <i>staphylococci </i> from clinical samples of a tertiary hospital in Benin City, Nigeria

Occurrence of Soil-Transmitted Helminths in Selected Waste Dumpsites in OtuokeCommunity, Ogbia Local Government Area, Bayelsa State, Nigeria

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