Clustering of arc volcanoes caused by temperature perturbations in the back-arc mantle

Lee, Changyeol; Wada, Ikuko

doi:10.1038/ncomms15753

Cited by 17 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 52 publications

(81 reference statements)

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“…Laboratory rock experiments constrain the rheological properties of olivine (Karato & Jung, 2003;Mei & Kohlstedt, 2000) and serpentinite (Hilairet et al, 2007;Reinen et al, 1991) well, but the in situ conditions remain elusive. As a result, there is no consensus on the effective viscosity at steady state, the water content (and its spatial variations), and the pathways to arc volcanism (Hu et al, 2014;Lee & Wada, 2017;Ohzono et al, 2012;Shibazaki et al, 2016) in the backarc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asthenosphere Flow Modulated by Megathrust Earthquake Cycles

Barbot

2018

Geophysical Research Letters

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Subduction megathrusts develop the largest earthquakes, often close to large population centers. Understanding the dynamics of deformation at subduction zones is therefore important to better assess seismic hazards. Here I develop consistent earthquake cycle simulations that incorporate localized and distributed deformation based on laboratory‐derived constitutive laws by combining boundary and volume elements to represent the mechanical coupling between megathrust slip and solid‐state flow in the oceanic asthenosphere and in the mantle wedge. The model is simplified, in two dimensions, but may help the interpretation of geodetic data. Megathrust earthquakes and slow‐slip events modulate the strain rate in the upper mantle, leading to large variations of effective viscosity in space and time and a complex pattern of surface deformation. While fault slip and flow in the mantle wedge generate surface displacements in the same, that is, seaward, direction, the viscoelastic relaxation in the oceanic asthenosphere generates transient surface deformation in the opposite, that is, landward, direction above the rupture area of the mainshock. Aseismic deformation above the seismogenic zone may be challenging to record, but it may reveal important constraints about the rheology of the subducting plate.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asthenosphere Flow Modulated by Megathrust Earthquake Cycles

Barbot

2018

Geophysical Research Letters

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“…Adopting a small-porosity assumption (porosity << 1) for the aqueous fluid, we neglect the effect of aqueous fluid on the behavior of a solid (e.g., Cerpa et al, 2018). Hence, a deforming solid can be considered a very viscous fluid whose behavior is approximated by the Stokes equations (e.g., Lee & Wada, 2017;Ryu & Lee, 2017):…”

Section: Governing Equationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the hydration of olivine in the mantle wedge, the negative sign of the equation is dropped, and an h value of 50 km is used to avoid an extensive computational cost. All the governing equations are nondimensionalized (e.g., Lee & Wada, 2017), and the parameters used for the equations above are described in Table S1.…”

Section: 1029/2019gl086205mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The regions lacking Quaternary volcanoes between the volcano clusters in Northeast Japan (hereafter denoted "no-volcano zones") imply the absence or scarcity of magma in the underlying mantle wedge. Lee and Wada (2017) showed that lateral overflow from high-temperature anomalies (hot fingers) deterred the ambient corner flow in the mantle wedge and the sub-arc temperatures of the mantle wedge and slab surface beneath the no-volcano zones are significantly decreased, compared with those beneath the volcano clusters (for details, see the supporting information). They suggested that the juxtaposition of low temperatures on the slab surface with low temperatures in the mantle wedge results in weak dehydration of the subducting slab; the minor quantity of aqueous fluid from the subducting slab is not enough for partial melting of the mantle wedge, which is responsible for the no-volcano zones.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Correlation of Quaternary Volcano Clusters With Partial Melting of Mantle Wedge, Northeast Japan: A Numerical Model Study

Yoo

Lee

2020

Geophysical Research Letters

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The Quaternary volcano clusters in Northeast Japan and the no-volcano zones between them imply extensive and scarce melting, respectively, in the mantle wedge, but no quantitative study on the heterogeneous melting has been conducted. Here, we constructed two-dimensional numerical models by considering along-arc temperature variations in the mantle wedge expressed as high-(hot fingers) and low-temperature anomalies (deterred corner flow) with the slab dehydration, porous flow of aqueous fluid, and partial melting of the mantle wedge. The results show that the high-and low-temperature anomalies in the mantle wedge result in extensive and negligible melting beneath the volcano clusters and no-volcano zones, respectively, consistent with geochemical and geophysical estimations. Contrary to the near-complete slab dehydration beneath the volcano clusters, the partially dehydrated subducting slab beneath the no-volcano zones transports the remaining water into the mantle transition zone, which has implications for intraplate volcanoes in Northeast Asia. Plain Language SummaryThe Quaternary volcanoes in Northeast Japan are expressed as 11 volcano groups and are thought to be correlated with localized and extensive partial melting in the mantle wedge beneath these groups. However, scarce melting is expected in the mantle wedge beneath the no-volcano zones between those volcano groups. Because no quantitative study on partial melting in the mantle wedge has been conducted, we carried out two-dimensional numerical modeling by considering the high-and low-temperature anomalies in the mantle wedge beneath Northeast Japan and evaluated the slab dehydration and melting therein. Our results show extensive melting beneath the volcano groups but negligible melting beneath the no-volcano zones; localized high mantle temperatures result in the formation of the volcano groups. The remaining water stored in the hydrous minerals in the subducting slab beneath the no-volcano zones is transported into the mantle transition zone, which has implications for intraplate volcanoes in Northeast Asia.

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“…Incipient back‐arc basins developed proximal to the arc show pronounced subduction signatures, whereas the influence of subduction components gradually diminish with increasing distance from the arc front towards matured back‐arc basin distal from the arc. Therefore, melt generation, geochemical variations and petrogenetic evolution in BAB can be accounted in terms of (i) distance from the volcanic arc front, (ii) asthenospheric and subduction input into the back‐arc mantle, (iii) influence of subducting oceanic slab and extent of fluid/volatile flux (iv) mixing between MOR and arc mantle, (v) lateral variations in upper mantle temperatures, and (vi) melting conditions and fractionation of the melt during its ascent to the ocean floor (Keller et al, ; Lee & Wada, ; Pearce & Stern, ; Wiens, Kelley, & Plank, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemical characteristics of basalts from Andaman subduction zone: Implications on magma genesis at intraoceanic back‐arc spreading centres

et al. 2018

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This study reports new petrological and geochemical data for the ocean floor volcanic rocks dredged from the back‐arc basin of the Andaman Sea and elucidates their geochemical characteristics and petrogenetic aspects to provide insights into the melt generation processes, oceanic crust emplacement, and tectonomagmatic evolution of the Andaman back‐arc basin. The studied samples are porphyritic basalts with olivine, plagioclase, and clinopyroxene representing the phenocrysts and the groundmass composition marked by plagioclase microlites, granular clinopyroxenes, and glass. Geochemical characteristics of these basalts reflect sub‐alkaline, tholeiitic composition of precursor magma that experienced clinopyroxene‐Ti magnetite fractionation. The overall geochemical trend for these basalts reflects LILE–HFSE–REE depleted MORB‐type chemistry which is modified by input from subduction‐derived components. Pronounced enrichment in selected LREE (Nd) and incompatible fluid‐mobile trace elements like Ba with positive primitive mantle‐normalized La and Sr anomalies in the majority of these basalts are attributed to transport and influx of slab‐dehydrated fluids and sediments into the depleted back‐arc mantle asthenosphere from the dehydrating subducted oceanic lithosphere in the volcanic arc front during initial stage of back‐arc rifting in the Andaman Sea. The studied basalts were derived by 10%–30% partial melting of a heterogeneous spinel lherzolitic mantle at a shallow depth. The chemical heterogeneity of the spinel lherozolite source suggests an enrichment‐depletion history of back‐arc mantle correlatable with the transitional tectonic evolution of the back‐arc basin from an initial rifting to matured spreading stage. The depleted MORB‐type mantle (DMM) beneath a juvenile back arc experienced infiltration of fluids and subduction‐derived components (SDC) from proximal subducting oceanic slab that gradually diminished with increasing distance from the arc and progressive back‐arc spreading. The episodes of melt generation and magma genesis invoke a gradual geodynamic transition from incipient back‐arc rifting to matured back‐arc spreading stages in the tectonomagmatic evolution of the Andaman back‐arc basin system. Oceanic crust generated during the incipient rifting stage sampled arc‐type melts enriched and hydrated by subduction inputs and fluid flux, while oceanic crust formed during matured back‐arc extension stage inherited trace element depleted MORB‐type mantle signatures devoid of subduction influence.

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Clustering of arc volcanoes caused by temperature perturbations in the back-arc mantle

Cited by 17 publications

References 52 publications

Asthenosphere Flow Modulated by Megathrust Earthquake Cycles

Asthenosphere Flow Modulated by Megathrust Earthquake Cycles

Correlation of Quaternary Volcano Clusters With Partial Melting of Mantle Wedge, Northeast Japan: A Numerical Model Study

Geochemical characteristics of basalts from Andaman subduction zone: Implications on magma genesis at intraoceanic back‐arc spreading centres

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