Clubroot caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae Wor.: a review of emerging serious disease of oilseed rape in the Czech Republic

Řičařová, Veronika; Kazda, Jan; Singh, Kundan; Ryšánek, P.

doi:10.17221/87/2015-pps

Cited by 23 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…Stem blight, or blackleg, is one of the most important diseases and is associated with yield losses of 5 to 50% in Europe, Canada and Australia, where Leptosphaeria maculans or Leptosphaeria biglobosa are widespread [72][73][74][75][76][77].…”

Section: Exports and Imports Of Rapeseed And Rapeseed Products In Ukr...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence, Species Structure of Cruciferous Diseases and Their Harmfulness

Tsytsiura,

Vergeles

2023

Diseases of Cruciferous Crops and Adaptive Strategies for Its Control (Generalisation of Ukrainian and World Experience)

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Section: Exports and Imports Of Rapeseed And Rapeseed Products In Ukr...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence, Species Structure of Cruciferous Diseases and Their Harmfulness

Tsytsiura,

Vergeles

2023

Diseases of Cruciferous Crops and Adaptive Strategies for Its Control (Generalisation of Ukrainian and World Experience)

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“…Besides, a strong increase in spore density in the soil has been recorded after ploughing (Murakami et al, 2004;Donald and Porter, 2009). Clubroot is mainly disseminated by the movement of soil containing resting spores via farm equipment or through water erosion (Ríčarová et al, 2016).…”

Section: Important Diseases Of Oilseed Rapementioning

confidence: 99%

A Global Survey on Diseases and Pests in Oilseed Rape—Current Challenges and Innovative Strategies of Control

et al. 2020

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The introduction of high-yielding and hybrid cultivars and the opening of new markets in the food and feed sector have steadily increased rapeseed production since the 1980s in the main production regions, Canada, Europe, China, India, and Australia. Since the 1990s, however, the average growth rate of yields has declined in Europe and Australia, which has been associated with a less effective control of biotic stresses. A global survey including the knowledge of 22 experts from 10 countries revealed a total of 16 diseases, 37 insect pests, several species of nematodes, and slugs currently affecting rapeseed production globally. A ranking of the top 10 most important biotic stresses in the four global regions where Brassica napus is grown (Canada, China, Europe, Australia) indicated an increase in several important stresses and distinct regional differences in the priority of prevailing diseases and pests. A stronger overlap exists among diseases, with Sclerotinia stem rot, Phoma stem canker, and clubroot occurring in all the four global regions on the top 10 list, while the range of prevailing insect pests was more diverse among the regions, with no top 10 insect playing an equally important role worldwide. Management options are substantially broader in disease than in pest control, making the latter the larger challenge. Since common integrated pest management (IPM) tools such as crop rotation, soil management, resistant cultivars or biocontrol are ineffective or not available, insect control largely relies on insecticides. Increasing restrictions on insecticide use, particularly in Europe, and losses in insecticide efficacy threaten the profitability of oilseed rape production and its role as an important break crop in cereal dominated cropping systems. Since the survival time of insects in the absence of their main host is relatively short (<1 year), a regional synchronization of cropping schemes resulting in one or more years without the crop could lead to a substantial disruption of regional insect populations. If rotation schemes were implemented on the landscape instead the farm level, by coordination among growers in zones covering the range distances of insect pests, an efficient and chemical low management strategy could be established and enable a more sustainable rapeseed production in the future.

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“…Clubroot has caused severe cruciferous crop yield loss of up to 50% in Canada (Strelkov and Tewari, 2005 ) and 20–30% in China (Chai et al, 2014 ). The pathogen physiology, progress in efforts to combat this disease, and an update on its epidemiology in Canada, Europe and China, have recently been the subject of various reviews (Chai et al, 2014 ; Diederichsen et al, 2014 ; Dixon, 2014 ; Strelkov and Hwang, 2014 ; Ríčarová et al, 2016 ). Furthermore, sources of P. brassicae R genes and genetic mapping studies have been reviewed by Piao et al ( 2004 ); Rahman et al ( 2014 ).…”

Section: Sources Of R Genes For Key Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Status and Challenges in Identifying Disease Resistance Genes in Brassica napus

2017

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Brassica napus is an economically important crop across different continents including temperate and subtropical regions in Europe, Canada, South Asia, China and Australia. Its widespread cultivation also brings setbacks as it plays host to fungal, oomycete and chytrid pathogens that can lead to serious yield loss. For sustainable crop production, identification of resistance (R) genes in B. napus has become of critical importance. In this review, we discuss four key pathogens affecting Brassica crops: Clubroot (Plasmodiophora brassicae), Blackleg (Leptosphaeria maculans and L. biglobosa), Sclerotinia Stem Rot (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum), and Downy Mildew (Hyaloperonospora parasitica). We first review current studies covering prevalence of these pathogens on Brassica crops and highlight the R genes and QTL that have been identified from Brassica species against these pathogens. Insights into the relationships between the pathogen and its Brassica host, the unique host resistance mechanisms and how these affect resistance outcomes is also presented. We discuss challenges in identification and deployment of R genes in B. napus in relation to highly specific genetic interactions between host subpopulations and pathogen pathotypes and emphasize the need for common or shared techniques and research materials or tighter collaboration between researchers to reconcile the inconsistencies in the research outcomes. Using current genomics tools, we provide examples of how characterization and cloning of R genes in B. napus can be carried out more effectively. Lastly, we put forward strategies to breed resistant cultivars through introgressions supported by genomic approaches and suggest prospects that can be implemented in the future for a better, pathogen-resistant B. napus.

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Clubroot caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae Wor.: a review of emerging serious disease of oilseed rape in the Czech Republic

Cited by 23 publications

References 86 publications

Prevalence, Species Structure of Cruciferous Diseases and Their Harmfulness

Prevalence, Species Structure of Cruciferous Diseases and Their Harmfulness

A Global Survey on Diseases and Pests in Oilseed Rape—Current Challenges and Innovative Strategies of Control

Current Status and Challenges in Identifying Disease Resistance Genes in Brassica napus

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