Close-space sublimation grown CdS window layers for CdS/CdTe thin-film solar cells

Paudel, Naba R.; Xiao, Chuanxiao; Yan, Yanfa

doi:10.1007/s10854-014-1834-1

Cited by 29 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…A variety of methods have been applied to synthesize CdTe films such as molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) (Kim et al, 2004) (Han, Kang, & Kim 1999), physical vapour deposition (PVD) (Moutinho et al, 2008), high vacuum evaporation (HVE) (Terheggen et al, 2003), and close space sublimation (CSS) (Paudel, Xiao, & Yan 2014) . These efforts indicated that due to a large lattice mismatch with the underlying substrate (e.g., CdS), CdTe films always contain a high density of performance limiting lattice defects (Moseley et al, 2014), including point defects, stacking faults, dislocations, and grain boundaries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Dynamics Simulations of CdTe / CdS Heteroepitaxy - Effect of Substrate Orientation

Chavez¹,

Zhou²,

Almeida³

et al. 2016

JMSR

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Molecular dynamics simulations were used to catalogue atomic scale structures of CdTe films grown on eight wurtzite (wz) and zinc-blende (zb) CdS surfaces. Polytypism, grain boundaries, dislocations and other film defects were detected. Dislocation lines were distributed in three distinct ways. For the growths on the wz {0001} and zb {111} surfaces, dislocations were found throughout the epilayers and formed a network at the interface. The dislocations within the films grown on the wz {1 100}, wz {112 0}, zb {1 10}, zb {010}, and zb { 1 } surfaces formed an interface network and also threaded from the interface towards the film's surface. In contrast, the growth on the zb {112 } surface only had dislocations localized to the interface. This film exhibited a different orientation from the substrate to reduce the lattice mismatch strain energies, and therefore, its misfit dislocation density. Our study indicates that the substrate orientation could be utilized to modify the morphology of dislocation networks in lattice mismatched multi-layered systems.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Dynamics Simulations of CdTe / CdS Heteroepitaxy - Effect of Substrate Orientation

Chavez¹,

Zhou²,

Almeida³

et al. 2016

JMSR

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“…Photovoltaic materials include different binary, ternary, and quaternary compounds [e.g., CdTe, PbS, CuInSe 2 , MoBi 2 Se 5 , Cu(In,Ga)Se 2 , Cu 2 ZnSnS 4 ] with their band gap defined by their composition [1][2][3][4]. Different materials are used as window layer including CdS [5,6], Cd(SSe) [7], and ZnS [8]. Researchers have suggested some more materials for solar cell application, such as MoBiInSe 5 [9], SnSb2S4 [10], and SnS [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical properties of chalcogenide Sn–Bi–S graded thin films annealed in argon

2015

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The development of cost-effective and nontoxic thin film materials is vital for fabrication of solar cells. We are presenting a combinatorial synthesis approach (CSA) for the deposition of chalcogenide Sn-Bi-S graded thin films by thermal evaporation. Post-deposition thermal annealing in the temperature range of 200-500°C in an argon atmosphere has been carried out for the Sn-Bi-S thin films. The effect of annealing treatment and initial composition on the structural properties of the Sn-Bi-S graded thin films was studied by using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Raman spectroscopy. XRD measurements showed that the thin films were grown in polycrystalline structure. Different microstructural parameters such as crystallite size, dislocation density, and microstrain were estimated after postdeposition thermal treatment and found annealing temperature dependent. From the transmission spectra the estimated optical band gap energy values were found in the range 1.27-1.43 eV for the (Sn/Bi) molar ratio of 2.18-0.67 in a typical sample annealed at 400°C. Photoconductivity response was determined for incident light of wavelength 300-1100 nm and was observed to be annealing temperature and Sn/Bi molar ratio dependent. Photoconductivity was also noted to depend upon the Sn/Bi molar ratio with Sn-rich samples giving the strongest response. Sn-rich compositions also showed p-type conductivity over the temperature range of 350-400°C. These findings show that the CSA has potential for the screening of high-quality Sn-Bi-S thin films.

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“…These properties make CdS a suitable photoactive material in hybrid solar cells [2]. CdS thin films are easily prepared by many methods on ITO-coated glass substrates such as pulsed laser deposition [3], close-space sublimation [4], chemical bath deposition [5], and spray pyrolysis [6]. Compared to the others, spray pyrolysis is a simple, * Correspondence: slh_yilmaz@yahoo.com.tr This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced efficiency of CdS/P3HT hybrid solar cells via interfacial modification

Yılmaz¹,

Polat²,

Tomakin³

et al. 2019

Turk J Phys

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The present paper examines the effects of surface modification of CdS with diverse dyes on fabricated CdSbased hybrid solar cells. The X-ray diffraction results showed that CdS thin films had a hexagonal phase with a preferred orientation along the (101) plane. Scanning electron microscopy indicated that the CdS specimen was composed of a granular structure while a P3HT layer was formed from tiny grains. Band gaps of the CdS thin films and the P3HT layer were 2.45 eV and 1.98 eV, respectively. The absorption spectra showed that different dye loading caused an increase in the absorbance of CdS thin films in the wavelength range of 400-650 nm. The photoluminescence of the CdS/P3HT structure including various dyes was lower than that of the pristine one, implying that efficient charge separation was achieved upon surface modification. Current density-voltage curves showed that the ITO/CdS/N719/Ag hybrid solar cell exhibited the best overall efficiency of 0.082%, which can be attributed to improvements in both short circuit current density (J sc) and open circuit voltage (V oc) . These enhancements can be attributed to the creation of better interfacial contact between CdS and P3HT layers after dye loading.

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Close-space sublimation grown CdS window layers for CdS/CdTe thin-film solar cells

Cited by 29 publications

References 23 publications

Molecular Dynamics Simulations of CdTe / CdS Heteroepitaxy - Effect of Substrate Orientation

Molecular Dynamics Simulations of CdTe / CdS Heteroepitaxy - Effect of Substrate Orientation

Physical properties of chalcogenide Sn–Bi–S graded thin films annealed in argon

Enhanced efficiency of CdS/P3HT hybrid solar cells via interfacial modification

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