Cloning and expression analysis of a new chalcone isomerase gene duringflowering in safflower

Ren, Chaoxiang; Tang, Xiaohui; Chen, Cuiping; Jiang, Chen; Pei, Jin; Wu, Yingliang; Wu, Qinghua

doi:10.3906/bot-1809-25

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…According to previous research ( Ren et al, 2019 ), the development of safflower can be listed for 7 days. However, in the last 2 days, the flowers are almost dry.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the root, stem and leaf at anthesis were used to detect gene expression in different tissues. RT–PCR was used to measure their expression, as previously described ( Ren et al, 2019 ). Total RNA was isolated using an RNA extraction kit (Invitrogen, CA, USA), and reverse transcription was carried out using the Prime Script Reagent Kit (Takara, Dalian, China).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Note that the flowers of safflower change their colour from yellow (Y) to red (R) during flowering ( Ren et al, 2019 ; Pu et al, 2021 ). However, much of the gene and chemical bases during colour transition are still unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Integrated metabolomics and transcriptome analysis on flavonoid biosynthesis in flowers of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) during colour-transition

Ren

Chen

Dong

et al. 2022

PeerJ

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Background Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.), well known for its flower, is widely used as a dye and traditional Chinese medicine. Flavonoids, especially flavonoid glycosides, are the main pigments and active components. However, their biosynthesis is largely unknown. Interestingly, the colour of flowers in safflower changed from yellow to red during flower development, while much of the gene and chemical bases during colour transition are unclear. Methods In this research, widely targeted metabolomics and transcriptomics were used to elucidate the changes in flavonoid biosynthesis from the gene and chemical points of view in flowers of safflower during colour transition. The screening of differential metabolites depended on fold change and variable importance in project (VIP) value. Differential expressed genes (DEGs) were screened by DESeq2 method. RT-PCR was used to analyse relative expressions of DEGs. Results A total of 212 flavonoid metabolites, including hydroxysafflor yellow A, carthamin and anthocyanins, were detected and showed a large difference. The candidate genes of glycosyltransferases and flavonoid hydroxylase that might participate in flavonoid glycoside biosynthesis were screened. Ten candidate genes were screened. Through integrated metabolomics and transcriptome analysis, a uridine diphosphate glucose glycosyltransferase gene, CtUGT9 showed a significant correlation with flavonoid glycosides in safflower. In addition, expression analysis showed that CtUGT9 was mainly expressed in the middle development of flowers and was significantly upregulated under MeJA treatment. Our results indicated that CtUGT9 might play an important role in flavonoid glycoside biosynthesis during colour-transition in safflower.

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“…According to previous research ( Ren et al, 2019 ), the development of safflower can be listed for 7 days. However, in the last 2 days, the flowers are almost dry.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Integrated metabolomics and transcriptome analysis on flavonoid biosynthesis in flowers of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) during colour-transition

Ren

Chen

Dong

et al. 2022

PeerJ

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“…Downstream, anthocyanidin synthase (ANS) (EC:1.14.20.4) catalyzes the formation of anthocyanin, such as pelargonidin and cyanidin. However, only a few genes have been identified in flavonoid biosynthesis pathway of safflower, such as CHI and F3H (Guo et al, 2019;Ren et al, 2019;Tu et al, 2016). Therefore, transcriptome analysis is one of the best approaches to find functional genes and to reveal the flavonoid biosynthesis in safflower.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome analysis of flavonoid biosynthesis in safflower flowers grown under different light intensities

Ren

Wang

Xian

et al. 2020

PeerJ

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Background: Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) is a domesticated species with a long history of cultivation and widespread distribution across the globe, and light plays an important role in controlling its distribution boundary. Flowers from safflower have been widely used in traditional Chinese medicine because of their ability to improve cerebral blood flow. Flavonoids are the main active compounds in safflower and have many pharmacological effects. In this study, we aimed to explore the relationship between different light intensities and flavonoid biosynthesis in safflower flowers cultivated in greenhouse. Methods: The transcriptome of safflower flowers grown under different light intensities were sequenced through BGISEQ-500 platform. After assembled and filtered, Unigenes were annotated by aligning with seven functional databases. Differential expression analysis of two samples was performed with the DEseq2 package. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related with flavonoids biosynthesis were analyzed by Real-time PCR (RT-PCR). Flavonoids accumulation in flowers were determined by high performance liquid chromatography and spectrophotometer. Results: Transcriptome analysis of safflower flowers cultivated under different light intensities was performed. A total of 99.16 Gb data were obtained, and 78,179 Unigenes were annotated. Among the DEGs, 13 genes were related to flavonoid biosynthesis. The differential expressions of seven key genes were confirmed by RT-PCR. In addition, the levels of some flavonoids were measured in safflower flowers grown under different light intensities. CtHCT3 gene expression showed a significantly negative correlation with kaempferol content in safflower grown under different light intensities. Conclusion: Our results strongly suggested that the reduction in light intensity in a suitable range promoted flavonoid biosynthesis in safflower flowers. We suggest that the expressions of HCT genes played an important role in flavonoid accumulation in safflower flowers. Our study lays a foundation for further research on the effects of light on flavonoid biosynthesis in safflower.

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“…As for safflower, there have been several investigations on the transcriptome, especially the biosynthesis of flavonoids. For example, the genes encoding UDP-glycosyl-transferase [35], flavanone 3-hydroxylase [36], chalcone synthase [37] and chalcone isomerase [38] in safflower have been cloned and verified. Furthermore, the putative genes associated with safflower yellow biosynthesis in safflower were investigated [39].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome Sequencing and Chemical Analysis Reveal the Formation Mechanism of White Florets in Carthamus tinctorius L.

Qiang

Liu

Dong

et al. 2020

Plants

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Carthamus tinctorius L. (safflower), an economic crop and herb, has been extensively studied for its diverse chemical constituents and pharmacological effects, but the mechanism of safflower pigments (SP) leading to different colors of florets has not been clarified. In the present study, we compared the contents of SP in two varieties of safflower with white and red florets, named Xinhonghua No. 7 (WXHH) and Yunhong No. 2 (RYH). The results showed the contents of SP in RYH were higher than WXHH. To investigate genes related to SP, we obtained six cDNA libraries of florets from the two varieties by transcriptome sequencing. A total of 225,008 unigenes were assembled and 40 unigenes related to safflower pigment biosynthesis were annotated, including 7 unigenes of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), 20 unigenes of 4-coumarate-CoA ligase (4CL), 1 unigene of trans-cinnamate 4-monooxygenase (C4H), 7 unigenes of chalcone synthase (CHS), 4 unigenes of chalcone isomerase (CHI), and 1 unigene of flavanone 3-hydroxylase (F3H). Based on expression levels we selected 16 differentially expressed unigenes (DEGs) and tested them using reverse transcription-quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), which was consistent with the sequencing results. Consequently, we speculated that in WXHH, 3 PALs, 3 4CLs, 1 C4H, 1 CHS, and 1 CHI, which were down-regulated, and 1 F3H, which was up-regulated, may play a key role in the formation of white florets.

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Cloning and expression analysis of a new chalcone isomerase gene duringflowering in safflower

Cited by 10 publications

References 18 publications

Integrated metabolomics and transcriptome analysis on flavonoid biosynthesis in flowers of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) during colour-transition

Integrated metabolomics and transcriptome analysis on flavonoid biosynthesis in flowers of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) during colour-transition

Transcriptome analysis of flavonoid biosynthesis in safflower flowers grown under different light intensities

Transcriptome Sequencing and Chemical Analysis Reveal the Formation Mechanism of White Florets in Carthamus tinctorius L.

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